A toxic substance or matter formed by a bacterial species that is released to the surrounding tissues.
A toxin excreted by a microorganism into the surrounding medium.
Proteins (toxins) produced by certain bacteria that are released by the bacteria into their surroundings (growth medium). Produced by primarily Gram-positive bacteria. Diphtheria toxin was the first one discovered. Other exotoxins cause botulism, tetanus, gas gangrene, and scarlet fever. Exotoxins are generally more potent and specific in their actions than endotoxins.
Bacterial toxins excreted outside of the bacterial cell.
Toxic substances produced by bacteria which diffuse out of the cells and stimulate the production of antibodies which specifically neutralise them (antitoxins).
Soluble toxins that diffuse out of a living cell into the environment.
Poison formed and excreted by microorganisms.
A poison, produced by bacteria, which affects parts of the body away from the place of infection, e.g. the toxins which cause botulism or tetanus.
Poison produced by a living microorganism and secreted into the surrounding medium.
Outward turning of one eye relative to the other.
Formation of excess bone tissue on the surface of a bone; also called an osteoma.
A poison secreted by disease-causing microorganisms into their environment, such as the host’s body.
Poisonous proteins produced inside the cells of disease-causing bacteria and released into the bloodstream. Effects depend on the particular exotoxin, but exotoxins are among the most poisonous substances known. They can affect nerves and cause paralysis. They can also invade the intestinal tract, leading to diarrhea, fever, rash, and possibly toxic shock syndrome. The most common cause for exotoxin production is food poisoning.
A highly potent poison, often harmful to only a limited range of tissues, that is produced by a bacterial cell and secreted into its surrounding medium. It is generally unstable, being rendered inactive by heat, light, and chemicals. Exotoxins are produced by such bacteria as those causing botulism, diphtheria, and tetanus.
A poisonous substance produced by bacteria, including staphylococci, streptococci, Vibrio cholerae, Pseudomonas species, and Escherichia coli. The actions of specific exotoxins vary with the organism. Staphylococcal exotoxins stimulate release of gamma interferon and can cause systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Inactivated exotoxins are used as the basis for diphtheria and tetanus vaccines.
Toxic secretions, generated by bacilli, possess the ability to travel through the bloodstream to various regions of the body. These poisonous substances, known as toxins, can exert detrimental effects on the affected organs or tissues.
An exotoxin is a type of poison that is secreted by certain bacteria, including those causing tetanus and diphtheria. Once it enters the bloodstream, it can lead to widespread effects throughout the body. Exotoxins are considered among the most toxic substances known.
Immunization with vaccines composed of detoxified exotoxins can prevent infections from tetanus, diphtheria, and other bacteria that secrete potentially lethal exotoxins. The typical treatment for such infections often involves the use of antibiotic medications and an antitoxin to neutralize the exotoxin.