A set of abstract ideas that together make a broad statement about human beings, the environment, health, or nursing. A grand theory is less abstract than a conceptual model and less concrete than a middle-range theory. Its intent is to enhance understanding of key concepts and principles within nursing, not to highlight specific concepts or variables. Grand theories cannot be tested directly. Examples include Newman’s “Health as Expanding Consciousness,” Parse’s “Theory of Human Becoming,” and Leininger’s “Theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality.”