Diagnostic evaluations performed to determine the level of a person’s kidney function. Kidney function tests involve taking blood and urine for analysis in a laboratory to determine the levels of substances that measure the ability of the kidneys to filter the blood properly.
Diagnostic examinations conducted to explore kidney-related conditions include various tests. Urinalysis, a straightforward procedure, involves microscopically examining a urine sample to detect blood cells, pus cells, and casts (cellular and mucous material that accumulate in the kidney tubules and pass into the urine). This test is utilized to identify substances like proteins that enter the urine due to kidney damage. Kidney function evaluation encompasses measuring the blood concentration of substances, such as urea and creatinine, which are typically excreted by the kidneys. This assessment can be done through creatinine clearance, comparing blood creatinine levels with creatinine expelled in urine over 24 hours, and through kidney imaging involving radioisotopes.