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A measurement of the degree to which a joint may be extended or flexed. A measurement describing the degree to which the temporomandibular joint may move as in opening or demonstrating lateral or protrusive excursions. The distance and direction a joint can move to its full potential. Each specific joint has a normal range of…

Statistical measure of dispersion. Distance between the highest and the lowest values of distribution. The region over which a taxon is distributed naturally. Difference between upper and lower limit of a set of observations. It is one method of measuring the amount of variation. A series of different but similar things. The difference between lowest…

A prospective study of the effects of a particular procedure or material, in which subjects are randomly assigned to either of two groups: test or control. The test group receives the procedure or material, while the control group receives a standard procedure, or material, a different test procedure or a placebo. An experimental prospective study…

Process of assigning study participants to experimental or control groups at random, such that each participant has an equal probability of being assigned to any given group. This method of assignment helps to prevent bias in a study. The assignment or selection of subjects in an experiment to either the experimental or the control groups…

Type of blade implant placed into the anterior border of the ramus of the mandible.  

An autogenous bone graft harvested from the lateral aspect of the ascending ramus of the mandible. The graft is mostly cortical bone.  

A dental implant design comprising a horizontal intraoral supragingival bar‐shaped abutment and bilateral posterior endosseous segments that pass through the soft tissues and enter the ramus on each side of the mandible. An anterior segment also passes through the soft tissue covering the symphysis and enters the symphyseal bone. These implants are typically constructed from…

A dental implant that is inserted at least partially into the ramus of the mandible.  

Bilateral posterior vertical extensions of the mandibular body. At the superior border, each ramus ends in two processes: the coronoid, which is anterior, and the condyle, which is separated posteriorly by a deep concavity. A branch or branching part. A branch of a nerve, artery or vein. The ascending part on each side of the…

Marker made of metal or any radiopaque material (e.g., radiopaque filling material) that is placed into the mouth before taking radiographs. Detected in the radiograph, the markers help to interpret the image mostly for length, angulation, or localization assessment.