Mindblown: a blog about philosophy.
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Positive-pressure mechanical ventilation
Mechanical ventilatory support that applies positive pressure to the airway. The objectives include improving pulmonary gas exchange, relieving acute respiratory acidosis, relieving respiratory distress, preventing and reversing atelectasis, improving pulmonary compliance, preventing further lung injury, and avoiding complications. Positive pressure ventilation can be life saving, but complications such as toxic effects of oxygen, laryngeal injury,…
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Noninvasive ventilation
The use of airway support administered through a face (nasal) mask instead of an endotracheal tube. Inhaled gases are given with positive end-expiratory pressure often with pressure support or with assist control ventilation at a set tidal volume and rate. Numerous studies have shown this technique to be as effective as, and better tolerated than,…
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Maximum voluntary ventilation
The maximum amount of gas that can be ventilated into and out of the lungs in a voluntary effort in a given time, measured in liters per minute.
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Maximum sustainable ventilation
The normal maximum breathing pattern that can be maintained for 15 min (usually approx. 60% of maximum voluntary ventilation).
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Mandatory minute ventilation
Ventilatory support that provides mechanical breaths when the patient’s spontaneous breathing does not occur frequently enough.
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Liquid ventilation
An experimental technique used in treating premature infants with surfactant-deficient lungs. It is rarely used.
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Intermittent positive-pressure ventilation
A mechanical method of assisting pulmonary ventilation, using a device that inflates the lungs under positive pressure. Exhalation is usually passive. A type of mechanical ventilation where air is forced into an individual’s lungs in short, pressurized bursts, mimicking natural breaths. IPPV can be provided through a tube inserted into the lung, often in an…
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Intermittent mandatory ventilation
Machine ventilation that delivers pressurized breaths at intervals while allowing for spontaneous breathing.
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High-frequency percussive ventilation
Mechanical ventilation that decreases peak and end-expiratory pressure by delivering hundreds of shallow (low tidal volume) breaths per minute. It is a time cycled, pressure-limited mode of ventilation.
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High-frequency oscillatory ventilation
Pulmonary ventilation with multiple rapid breaths given at small tidal volumes. It limits the stretching and collapse of the alveoli that occur in conventional mechanical ventilation.
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