Glossary

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  • High-frequency jet ventilation

    A type of ventilation that continuously ventilates at 100 to 150 cycles/min. It is used in respiratory failure to provide continuous ventilation without the side effects of positive-pressure ventilation.  

  • Dual control ventilation

    Mechanical ventilation initiated by either a change in airway pressures or by a change in gas flowing through the ventilator circuit. Dual control is asserted when pressure limited breaths are delivered and the pressure changes from breath to breath to meet a desired delivered tidal volume. It improves the coordination between the patient’s respiratory efforts…

  • Continuous positive-pressure ventilation

    A method of mechanically assisted pulmonary ventilation. A device administers air or oxygen to the lungs under a continuous pressure that never returns to zero.  

  • Asynchronous ventilation

    In emergency cardiac or critical care, the administration of artificial breaths to a patient that are timed independently of chest compressions.  

  • Airway pressure release ventilation

    A type of mechanical ventilation in which patients breathe spontaneously at any phase of the ventilator’s duty cycle at high continuous positive airway pressures (CPAP). Periodically, the level of CPAP is lowered to eliminate waste gases from the circuit. This technique of ventilation generally requires the patient’s sedation.  

  • Abdominal displacement ventilation

    A noninvasive type of artificial ventilation that relies on displacement of the abdominal contents to move the patient’s diaphragm.  

  • Adaptive support ventilation

    A mode of mechanical ventilation in which the minute ventilation is not allowed to fall below a set threshold (e.g., in adults, below 100 ml/kg/min), but the inspiratory pressure, inspiratory rate, and tidal volume are all adjusted by the ventilator to the patient’s needs.  

  • Venovenostomy

    The formation of an anastomosis of a vein joined to a vein.  

  • Venous return

    The amount of blood returning to the atria of the heart.  

  • Venous port

    Part of a venous access device consisting of a subcutaneously implanted port through which medications are injected. Leading from the port is a catheter that is inserted in the cephalic, jugular, or subclavian vein. The catheter extends into the superior vena cava. The port has a self-sealing septum through which a needle is inserted to…

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