Romano Ward syndrome is one variety in a group of genetic heart disorders known as long QT syndrome. Romano Ward syndrome is the most common form of long QT syndrome (it accounts for approximately 60%). The QT interval refers to a quantity measured on the electrocardiogram (ECG). The duration of the QT interval is a measure of the time needed for repolarization or recharging of the electrical system after each heartbeat. The prolongation of the QT interval renders people vulnerable to very fast, abnormal heart rhythm (arrhythmia) known as torsade de pointes; when this occurs, no blood is pumped out of the heart and the brain quickly becomes deprived, resulting in loss of consciousness and sudden death. Long QT syndrome is caused by dysfunction of protein structures in the heart cells called ion channels. These ion channels produce the electrical activity in the heart. Abnormality of these channels is usually inherited, although it can be acquired.