Green pea is most commonly the small spherical seed or the seed-pod of the pod fruit Pisum sativum. It is one of the ancient cultivated vegetables grown for their succulent nutritious green seeds. It is a quick growing, annual herbaceous vine which requires trellis to support its growth. It flourishes under well-drained, sandy soil supplemented with adequate moisture and cool weather conditions. It probably originated in the sub-Himalayan plains of north-west India. Today, this versatile legume is one of the major commercial crops grown all over the temperate and semi-tropical regions.
| Name | Green peas |
|---|---|
| Scientific Name | Pisum sativum |
| Native | Originated in south-western Asia, possibly northwestern India, Pakistan |
| Common/English Name | Chinese Pea, Sweet Pea, Chinese Pea Pod, Dry Pea, Edible-Podded Pea, Edible Pod Pea, Field Pea, Chinese Snow Pea, Garden Pea, Green Pea, Round-Podded Snow Pea, Shelling Pea, Honey Pea, Pea, Round-Podded Sugar Pea, Snap Pea, Snow Pea, Sugar Pea, Sugar Snap Pea, Podded Pea, Stringless Snowpea, Peas. |
| Name in Other Languages | Nepal : Kerau Afrikaans : Ertjie Korni : Anikytsh Arabic : Basella French : Petiti Pois Asturian : Arbeyu Kurdish Kurmanji : Polik Basque : Ilar Ethiopia : Ater Bergamasco : Roàia Mantuan : Ravion Bresciano : Roaiot Tibetan : Sran Ferrarese : Ruviè Breton : Pizenn Danish : Ært Bulgarian : Rpax Latvian : Sejas Zirni Valencian : Pesol Burmese : Sadaw-Pè Indonesia : Kacang Ercis Catalan : Pèsol Portuguese : Ervilha Chuvash : Parsa German : Erbse Venetian : Biso Croatian : Grašak Moldavian : Mazere De-Semena Czech : Hrách Peluška Albanian : Bizele Romanian : Mazăre Dutch : Doperwten Brazil : Ervilha Eastonian : Harilik Hernes Hungarian : Borsó Esperanto : Pizo Samoan : Pī Faeroese : Ertur Calabrese : Pisiddru Finnish : Herne Lithuanian : Sejamasis Zirnis Frisian : Dopeart Slovašcina : Grah Navadna Armenian : Volor Tzanovi Furlan : Cesaron Galician : Chicharo Dzorâtai : Pâi Greek : Arakas Chinese : Jia Wan Dou Turkish : Bezelye Guarani : Kumanda’i Bolognese : Arvajja Hawaiian : Batra Belarusan : Garokh Pasyaouny H’Mong : Taum Mog Icelandic : Ertur Philippines : Citzaro ( Tagalog) Vietnamese : Dau Hoà Lan (Pod) Italian : Piselli Malaysia : Kacang Manis Japanese : Endo Khmer : Sândaèk Muul Zeneize : Poiscio Russian : Gorach Catanese : Pusedda Korean : Wandu Aragones : Bisalto Ladin : Arbëia Azeri : Noxud Laotian : Mak Thoua Nyat Yakut : Yhllar Georgian : Barda Leonese : Arbeyu Flemish : Erwt Spanish : Aroeja Byelorussian : Rapox Limburgian : Ert Sardinian : Pisu Lombaro Occidentale : Erbion Triestino : Biso Reggiano : Arviot Mapunzugun : Allfi d Setswana : Lethodi Mirandolese : Piśel Swahili : Njengere Welsh : Pys Mong : Tarimal Bandui Slovencina : Hrach Siaty Roľný Mudnès : Pisèe Azerbaijan : Ekin Koi Nokhud Ukranian : Gorokh Posivnyi Swedish : Ärt Norwegian : Ert Thai : Thua Lan Tao Occitan : Pòis Pakistan : Matar Caterisano : Poseda Polish : Ervilha Quecha : Alwuirja India : Katar (Bengali) Rogmagnolo : Fisaril Saami : Earta Irish : Pis Swiss : Gra Art Hebrew : Afun Tarbuti |
| Plant Growth Habit | Annual, climbing or bushy, glabrous usually glaucous, self-pollinated herb |
| Growing Climate | requires a relatively cool and humid climate |
| Soil | Prefers fertile, light-textured, well-drained sandy loam, clay loam or silt loams soil. |
| Plant Size | 1–2 m high |
| Root | Well-developed tap root and lateral roots |
| Stem | Slender, terete stem 30–150 cm long with no or few basal branches. |
| Leaf | Alternate, pinnate with 2–3 pairs of leaflets and the rachis ending in a terminal branched tendril |
| Leaflets | Ovate or elliptic,with entire or dentate margin; stipules 1.5–8 cm long, obliquely ovate, toothed at least below, semiamplexicaul at the base. |
| Flower | Flowers have five green fused sepals and five white, purple or pink petals of different sizes. The top petal is called the ‘standard’, the two small petals in the middle are fused together and called the ‘keel’ (because of their boat-like appearance), and the bottom two petals taper toward the base and are called the ‘wings’ |
| Pods Shape & Size | Oblong ovate pod 3.5–11 cm long and 1–2.5 cm broad, straight or slightly curved, swollen or compressed, short stalked, pendant, dehiscent, 3–11-seeded. |
| Pods Color | Vibrant green color |
| Seed Shape & Size | Globose or angled, exalbuminous, smooth or wrinkled, 5–8 mm in diameter |
| Seed color | Whitish, cream-white, gray, yellow, brown, green to purple or spotted |
| Seed Taste | Fairly sweet, starchy as well as delicious |
| Varieties/Types | Garden Peas
Snow Peas
Snap Peas
|
| Major Nutrition | Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid) 58 mg (64.44%) Vitamin B1 (Thiamin) 0.386 mg (32.17%) Vitamin K (phylloquinone) 36 µg (30.00% Copper, Cu 0.255 mg (28.33%) Iron, Fe 2.13 mg (26.63%) Manganese, Mn 0.594 mg (25.83%) Vitamin B9 (Folate) 94 µg (23.50%) Phosphorus, P 157 mg (22.43%) Total dietary Fiber 8.3 g (21.84%) Vitamin B3 (Niacin) 3.03 mg (18.94%) Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine) 0.245 mg (18.85%) Isoleucine 0.283 g (16.93%) Threonine 0.294 g (16.70%) Zinc, Zn 1.8 mg (16.36%) Valine 0.341 g (16.15%) Carbohydrate 20.95 g (16.12%) Protein 7.86 g (15.72%) Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) 0.191 mg (14.69%) Lysine 0.46 g (13.76%) Leucine 0.468 g (12.66%) Histidine 0.155 g (12.58%) Tryptophan 0.054 g (12.27%) Magnesium, Mg 48 mg (11.43%) |
| Health Benefits |
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| Calories in 1cup (145gm) | 117 Kcal |