Health Benefits

Science Backed Health Benefits of Soybeans (Glycine max)

Sugar And Spice

You might not realize it, but soybeans, scientifically known as Glycine max, play a massive role in your modern everyday life. Originating in East Asia, this incredibly versatile legume has grown into an agricultural powerhouse that likely sits in your own pantry right now. When you pour soy milk into your morning coffee or dip sushi into soy sauce, you are enjoying the bean in its most direct form. However, even if you never intentionally eat tofu or edamame, you are still relying heavily on this essential crop. Because they are extraordinarily rich in protein, soybeans serve as a foundational ingredient in feeding the livestock that eventually provides your meat and dairy. Furthermore, you might even be driving a vehicle powered by soybean biodiesel or using household products manufactured with soy oils. Whether you are seeking a healthy plant-based protein alternative or simply going about your very standard daily routine, you are constantly benefiting from the humble, little green soybean.

Nutritional Profile of Soybeans (Glycine max)

Serving Size: 100g 1

Nutrients Amount DV%
Water 62.6 g 2 –
Energy 172 kcal 3 9%
Protein 18.2 g 4 36%
Total lipid (fat) 8.97 g 5 12%
Carbohydrate, by difference 8.36 g 6 3%
Fiber, total dietary 6 g 7 21%
Total Sugars 3 g 8 –
Copper, Cu 0.407 mg 9 45%
Manganese, Mn 0.824 mg 10 36%
Iron, Fe 5.14 mg 11 29%
Riboflavin 0.285 mg 12 22%
Magnesium, Mg 86 mg 13 20%
Phosphorus, P 245 mg 14 20%
Vitamin K (phylloquinone) 19.2 µg 15 16%
Folate, total 54 µg 16 14%
Potassium, K 515 mg 17 11%

Source: usda.gov

Percent Daily Values (%DV) are based on a 2,000-calorie diet. Individual nutritional needs may vary depending on age, gender, activity level, and overall health.

Science Backed Health Benefits of Soybeans (Glycine max)

#1. Lower High Blood Pressure

High blood pressure creates excessive force against arterial walls, posing risks to major organs like the brain and kidneys if left unchecked. 1 Certain bioactive compounds found in legumes offer a potent natural intervention mechanism by targeting the physiological roots of hypertension. Specifically, isoflavones function as phytoestrogens that balance antioxidant activity against free radicals, thereby reducing the oxidative stress that leads to endothelial disorders. 2 3 Additionally, soy protein provides L-arginine and phytosterols; the former assists in lowering LDL cholesterol, while the latter interferes with cholesterol biosynthesis, collectively alleviating cardiovascular strain. 1 High intakes of these nutrients, alongside vitamin C, increase nitric oxide levels to facilitate vasodilation. 2 This nutritional profile effectively helps manage both systolic and diastolic pressures in hypertensive, prehypertensive, and normotensive individuals, including those managing risks during reproductive years. 3

What Research Says:

#2. Improve Cholesterol Levels

Dyslipidemia, a metabolic irregularity characterized by elevated serum lipid concentrations, represents a significant precursor to cardiovascular pathology, yet it can be effectively managed through targeted nutritional biochemistry. Cholesterol—a sterol essential for membrane integrity but detrimental in excess—is modulated by bioactive constituents found in Glycine max, including isoflavones (genistein, daidzein), phytosterols, saponins, and globulin proteins like glycinin. 5 Mechanistically, these phytochemicals function by upregulating hepatic enzymes such as cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase (Cyp7a1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (Ppara), which are critical for converting cholesterol into bile acids and enhancing fatty acid oxidation 6 When these nutrients are ingested, they competitively inhibit cholesterol absorption in the gastrointestinal tract and enhance the expression of LDL receptors on hepatocytes, thereby facilitating the clearance of Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) and Very Low-Density Lipoprotein (VLDL) from circulation. 5 Consequently, this dietary intervention not only reduces Total Cholesterol (TC) and Triglycerides (TG) but also favorably elevates High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL), offering a comprehensive improvement in the lipid profile. 7 8 

What Research Says:

#3. Manage Blood Sugar level

Diabetes Mellitus, specifically Type 2, is driven by peripheral insulin resistance and pancreatic beta-cell insufficiency, often exacerbated by metabolic disorders like obesity. Soybeans offer a therapeutic intervention through bioactive phytochemicals such as Genistein, Taraxerol, and beta-Amyrin, which exert multi-targeted effects on glucose metabolism. When ingested, these nutrients function by inhibiting enzymes like alpha-amylase—crucial for carbohydrate breakdown—thereby moderating blood sugar spikes in a manner comparable to standard pharmaceutical agents. 11 Furthermore, in individuals with prediabetes, soybean leaf extracts have been observed to enhance insulin sensitivity and regulate lipid profiles, effectively lowering fasting blood glucose and HbA1c levels without impacting lean body mass. 12 By modulating pathways involving PPAR- gamma and insulin signaling proteins, these soy-derived compounds help prevent the progression from mild hyperglycemia to full-blown diabetes. 12 11 

What Research Says:

#4. Support Bone Health

Bone diseases, such as osteoporosis and osteopenia, are characterized by a metabolic imbalance where bone resorption exceeds formation, often precipitated by aging or hormonal declines like estrogen or androgen deficiency. 13 To counteract this deterioration, specific phytochemicals found in legumes—primarily isoflavones like genistein, daidzein, and glycitin—function as selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) to support skeletal integrity. 14 These nutrients exert their protective effects by inhibiting osteoclastogenesis (bone breakdown) and simultaneously stimulating osteoblast activity (bone formation) through the modulation of critical signaling pathways, including BMP-Smad-Runx2. 15 13 Whether ingested as fermented dietary products or standardized extracts, these compounds effectively target postmenopausal and senile osteoporosis by enhancing bone mineral density and reducing marrow adiposity. 16 13 

What Research Says:

#5. Reduce Risk of Hormone-Related Cancers

Malignancy arises when cellular regulation fails, often exacerbated by hormonal dysregulation in sensitive tissues. Dietary intervention with specific legumes offers a potent protective mechanism; specifically, the bioactive compounds genistein, daidzein, and glycitein function as isoflavones that structurally mimic endogenous estrogens. 22 These phytochemicals bind selectively to estrogen receptors—preferentially ER-beta—acting as weak agonists or antagonists to modulate hormonal impact, induce apoptosis, and inhibit cell proliferation. 22 23 Research indicates that these nutrients, found abundantly in soy foods, contribute to a prophylactic effect against hormone-dependent conditions, particularly prostate and breast cancers, by altering steroid hormone metabolism and reducing circulating ovarian steroids. 24 25 Furthermore, non-hormonal pathways, such as antioxidant activity and the inhibition of angiogenesis, play a critical role in stalling carcinogenesis when these nutrients are ingested. 26 

What Research Says:

#6. Alleviate Menopausal Symptoms

Menopause is defined as the cessation of ovarian function and the subsequent decline in estrogen production, a transition often complicated by “inflammaging,” oxidative stress, and heightened risks of metabolic syndrome. 29 To play a compensatory role, phytoestrogens—specifically isoflavones found in Glycine max—structurally mimic endogenous estrogen, allowing them to bind to receptors and mitigate physiological instability. 29 30 These phytochemicals exert potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-diabetic effects, offering protection against cardiovascular pathologies, visceral obesity, and insulin resistance that frequently develop during this phase. 29 When ingested, whole soybeans or fermented extracts systematically target vasomotor and metabolic derangements, whereas topical application of isoflavone gels directly restores vaginal epithelium thickness and lowers pH to treat atrophy. 31 30 32 Consequently, these nutrients serve as a versatile, natural therapeutic strategy for managing the complex pathology of estrogen deficiency. 33 

What Research Says:

#7. Enhance Heart Health

Cardiovascular disease, a leading cause of global mortality, often stems from hyperlipidemia, where elevated lipids deposit in arterial walls, precipitating atherosclerosis and obesity. To combat this, specific bioactive components such as isoflavones (genistein, daidzein), phytosterols (sitosterol), and globulin proteins exert profound physiological effects by modulating lipid metabolism. Mechanistically, these phytochemicals function by upregulating LDL receptors on liver cell membranes, which accelerates the clearance of circulating cholesterol, while simultaneously inhibiting intestinal fat absorption through agents like soyasaponins. 34 Consequently, the intake of these nutrients is instrumental in preventing severe conditions like coronary heart disease, acute myocardial infarction, and stroke. 35 36 Whether ingested as whole foods or administered as concentrated extracts, these compounds actively normalize serum lipid profiles by lowering triglycerides and low-density lipoproteins, thereby offering a robust defense against oxidative stress and metabolic dysfunction. 34 37 

What Research Says:

#8. Support Weight Management

Obesity is fundamentally a multifactorial disease characterized by excessive fat accumulation and associated with severe comorbidities, making weight reduction a critical medical priority. 40 Bioactive compounds, specifically isoflavones, soy protein, and dietary fiber, serve as potent metabolic modulators that facilitate weight management through distinct physiological pathways. 40 41 Mechanistically, these phytochemicals enhance fatty acid oxidation and up-regulate genes such as PPARA and CPT1a, effectively mitigating visceral fat deposition and hepatic steatosis, particularly in postmenopausal models where estrogen deficiency drives weight gain. 42 Additionally, specific germinated extracts have been observed to suppress adipocyte differentiation and trigger the “browning” of white adipose tissue via UCP1 expression, thereby activating beige fat to burn energy rather than store it 43  These protective effects against diet-induced and hormonal obesity are primarily mediated when these bioactive components are ingested and metabolized. 42 43 

What Research Says:

#9. Promote Immune Health

Immune diseases arise when the body’s defense mechanisms either fail to detect threats or erroneously attack healthy tissue, manifesting as autoimmunity, chronic inflammation, or hypersensitivity. To regulate this delicate balance, specific phytochemicals such as isoflavones (genistein, daidzein), saponins, bioactive peptides, and anthocyanins function as potent immunomodulators. 46 47 These compounds exert their effects by interacting with mononuclear phagocytes—critical immune cells—to inhibit the Nuclear Factor kappa B (NF-kB) and MAPK signaling pathways, thereby suppressing the “cytokine storms” responsible for tissue damage. 48 49 Through this molecular tuning, these nutrients help prevent and manage conditions like inflammatory bowel disease, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis. 50 49 51 Whether ingested to reinforce the intestinal epithelial barrier and diversify gut microbiota or utilized in extracts to reduce cutaneous inflammation, these bioactives work systemically to restore immune homeostasis and prevent oxidative stress 47 49 

What Research Says:

#10. Help Prevent Vaginal Infections

Vaginal health frequently deteriorates during menopause due to hypoestrogenism, a condition leading to vulvovaginal atrophy characterized by thinned epithelium, alkaline pH, and increased susceptibility to infections. 53 Phytoestrogens, specifically isoflavones found in Glycine max (L.) Merr., offer a targeted therapeutic solution by structurally mimicking endogenous estrogen. These compounds bind to estrogen receptors in urogenital tissues, promoting epithelial proliferation, collagen synthesis, and vascularization. 53 54 This restoration of the vaginal mucosa increases local glycogen availability, which resident flora utilize to produce lactic acid, thereby re-acidifying the environment and reinforcing natural defenses against pathological bacteria. 53 Consequently, the topical application of these extracts helps manage debilitating conditions such as vaginal dryness, dyspareunia, and atrophy, providing a localized defense mechanism without the systemic risks often associated with traditional hormone replacement therapies. 53 31 

What Research Says:

#11. Promote Healthy Skin

Cutaneous homeostasis is frequently disrupted by oxidative stress, hormonal decline, and chronic inflammation, leading to diverse conditions ranging from acne and atopic dermatitis to accelerated photoaging. Therapeutic interventions often utilize bioactive phytochemicals found in Glycine max, specifically isoflavones like genistein and daidzein, which function as phytoestrogens to interact with estrogen receptors, thereby stimulating collagen synthesis and restoring dermal density. 55 56 Beyond hormonal mimicry, soybean oligopeptides and specific fatty acids actively fortify the stratum corneum and modulate inflammatory signaling pathways, effectively ameliorating barrier dysfunction and reducing apoptosis in compromised skin. 57 Furthermore, serine protease inhibitors and conjugated peptides within these extracts prevent melanin transfer and matrix degradation, directly addressing hyperpigmentation and wrinkle formation. 58 Whether administered orally to modulate systemic factors or applied topically for localized repair, these nutrients exert potent anti-androgenic, antioxidant, and enzymatic-inhibitory effects critical for maintaining dermatological integrity. 59 

What Research Says:

Health Risks and Precautions of Soybeans (Glycine max)

Side Effects

1. The main adverse effects of soy consumption include gastrointestinal complaints. Soy is also a common food allergen, with manifestations including urticaria (hives), itching, rash, diarrhea, dyspnea (difficulty breathing), diaphoresis (sweating), and anaphylaxis. 3 

2. In a randomized controlled trial, no serious adverse effects were reported by overweight subjects consuming 2g/day of Glycine max leaves extract for 10 weeks, and there was no evidence of increased plasma toxicity (as measured by GOT and GPT biomarkers) from the supplementation. 9 In-silico studies on individual phytochemicals from Glycine max suggest that compounds like Genistein are not associated with AMES toxicity, hERG-1 inhibition, or hepatotoxicity. 8 However, it is noted that natural food supplements containing high doses of flavonoids may have unknown biological effects and potential interactions with drugs, so their consumption should be supervised by a medical physician. 11 

3. Consumption of soy products has been associated with alterations in circulating hormone levels. In a controlled study of healthy premenopausal women, the daily consumption of soymilk for one month led to decreases in serum 17 beta-estradiol levels at various points in the menstrual cycle (by 31%, 81%, and 49%) and a 35% decrease in luteal phase progesterone levels. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels also decreased progressively by 14-30% during the feeding period. The same study noted an increase in the average menstrual cycle length from 28.3 days to 31.8 days during the month of soy consumption. 22 The biological effects of soy isoflavones can be highly individual, as their metabolism into compounds like equol, a more potent estrogenic metabolite, depends on the composition of an individual’s intestinal microflora. The capacity to produce equol varies significantly between populations, which may influence individual responses to soy intake. Due to their structural similarity to endogenous estrogens, soy isoflavones possess estrogenic properties and can bind to estrogen receptors, which underpins many of their biological effects. 25 

4. Soybeans may cause adverse effects, including allergies in some individuals. 26 

5.  The documents do not detail any known adverse effects of consuming soybeans. One study on postmenopausal women noted that soybean extract alleviated menopause syndrome “without any special side effects”. 33 Another trial comparing soybean and omega-3 fatty acid supplements reported that the interventions had “no effects on the blood lipids and thyroid hormone”. 32 

6. A 12-week prospective randomized controlled clinical trial investigating a low-calorie soy-based meal replacement program for the treatment of obesity reported that the treatment was well tolerated and no serious side effects were detected. 44 

7. The primary documented adverse effect associated with soy consumption is allergy. Soy allergy is an IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reaction triggered by specific allergenic proteins in soybeans, notably Gly m 5 (β-conglycinin) and Gly m 6 (glycinin). These proteins are thermally stable and resistant to digestion, making them potent allergens. Reactions in sensitized individuals can range from mild symptoms like urticaria (hives) and gastrointestinal disturbance to severe, life-threatening anaphylaxis involving respiratory difficulty. It is noted that most children outgrow this allergy as they get older. 47 

Beyond allergies, the documents consistently report that moderate soy consumption is safe. One review states that for a healthy person, eating soy foods like tofu, edamame, and soy milk in a normal diet is safe and does not contain high enough concentrations of phytoestrogens to produce toxic effects. It clarifies that an upper limit for a recommended dietary allowance (RDA) related to phytoestrogen toxicity is essentially non-existent, as normal oral consumption of soy as food will not reach toxic levels. Studies reporting adverse effects typically involve very high, non-dietary intake from concentrated supplements, and even those results are debated. Furthermore, a substantial body of evidence indicates that moderate soy consumption is not only safe but potentially beneficial for health. The comprehensive review of studies from 2018-2025 found insufficiently consistent adverse-effect outcome information with respect to thyroid function or reproductive hormones, which strengthens the evidence base supporting the general safety of soy for consuming adults. 47 

8. Soybeans contain several naturally occurring components that can negatively impact nutritional quality and health, particularly when the beans are not properly processed.

  1. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8142044/

9. Based on a review of the provided scientific documents, the following health risks and precautions associated with soybean consumption have been identified.

Food Incompatibilities

N/A

Timing & Conditions

1. In a clinical study examining the effects of soya consumption, the intervention began within 6 days after the onset of menses in premenopausal women. The study reported significant changes in steroid hormone levels at specific points in the menstrual cycle (days 5-7, 12-14, and 20-22) and an increase in overall menstrual cycle length during the month of soy milk feeding. 25 

Contraindications

1. Soy is a common food allergen. Therefore, individuals with a known allergy to soy should avoid its consumption. 3 

2. Individuals with medical conditions that are sensitive to hormonal changes should exercise caution with soy consumption, as soy isoflavones have been shown to alter circulating levels of steroid hormones, including estradiol and progesterone. 22 Furthermore, the structural similarity of isoflavones to estrogen allows them to bind to estrogen receptors, which could theoretically influence hormone-sensitive conditions. The metabolism of soy isoflavones, particularly the conversion of daidzein to the more potent equol, is highly variable among individuals and is dependent on the composition of the gut microbiota. This variability means that the physiological effects of soy consumption can differ significantly from person to person, and its clinical effectiveness may be related to an individual’s ability to produce equol. 25 

3. The only clear contraindication for soy consumption identified in the documents is a diagnosed soy allergy. For individuals with this condition, the primary management strategy is the strict avoidance of soy and soy-containing products. The documents do not list any other medical conditions that make soy consumption unsafe. In fact, they discuss the potential benefits of soy for various conditions, including metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and for managing menopausal symptoms, provided it is consumed appropriately. 47 

4. Based on the provided documents, a specific contraindication relates to the processing method. While not a direct contraindication for all soy, the formation of lysinoalanine under severe alkaline processing conditions has been linked to kidney damage in rats. This suggests that individuals with pre-existing kidney concerns might need to be cautious about consuming soy products processed in this specific, harsh manner, although this is not typical for most edible soy proteins. 61 No other specific medical conditions are mentioned as direct contraindications.

5. Individuals with a known allergy to soybeans should avoid consumption due to the risk of severe allergic reactions. 63 62 Individuals with a history of calcium oxalate kidney stones should limit or avoid soy consumption, as the oxalate content in soybeans and soy foods exceeds recommended levels for this population. 65 Due to the pseudohormonal effects of soy isoflavones, consumption may be contraindicated in individuals with hormone-sensitive conditions. This is based on reports linking soy to reproductive disorders, precocious puberty, and certain cancers. 62 

Drug Interactions

1. The documents do not list any specific medicines that should not be taken with soybeans. On the contrary, research indicates potential beneficial interactions. One study found that combining the beta-blocker drug Atenolol with Glycine maxwas more effective in treating hypertension while simultaneously reducing the drug’s negative effect on the lipid profile. 1 Another study on women of childbearing age with hypertension showed that giving edamame extract alongside the drug amlodipine was significantly more effective at lowering blood pressure than amlodipine alone. 2 

2. The potential interactions between drugs and nutritional supplements containing high flavonoid doses, such as those from Glycine max, remain largely unknown. 8 

3. Soy isoflavones consumed at levels comparable to those in Asian populations may reduce the risk of breast cancer recurrence in women receiving tamoxifen therapy and do not appear to interfere with tamoxifen’s efficacy. Studies suggest that high dietary intake of soy isoflavones is associated with a lower risk of recurrence among postmenopausal breast cancer patients receiving anastrozole as endocrine therapy. Furthermore, in a combined analysis of U.S. and Chinese women, post-diagnosis soy food consumption of at least 10 mg of isoflavones per day was associated with a statistically significant reduction in the risk of breast cancer recurrence. One study also found a trend for a reduced risk of cancer recurrence with increasing intake of specific isoflavones, daidzein and glycitein, among postmenopausal women. 22 

4. Soybeans may have adverse effects on certain types of drug treatments, meaning they can interact negatively with specific medications. 26 

5. The documents do not mention any direct interactions with specific medications. However, one document notes that factors in soybeans can increase the requirement for vitamins A, B12, D, and E. 61 This suggests a potential nutritional interaction, implying that long-term, high consumption of poorly processed soy could theoretically affect the body’s status of these vitamins, but no direct drug interactions are specified.

6. Soybean consumption has been associated with a decreased absorption of the thyroid medication levothyroxine. The ingestion of soy products, in combination with estradiol, has been linked to bleeding. Soy isoflavones may also interact with other medications, as a clinical trial involving soy isoflavones and melatonin for menopausal symptoms reported adverse events like tachycardia. Soybean protein-based formulas or soy “milk” have been implicated in serious thyroid dysfunction, particularly when combined with other substances like seaweed. 63 

External Pesticides and Mold

1. The main review document supports the concern regarding external contaminants and provides a clear recommendation. It states that to mitigate risks from pesticides and mold, it is recommended to purchase organic soy products whenever possible and to check for certification labels. The document also mentions certified sustainable soy programs, such as the Round Table on Responsible Soy (RTRS) and ProTerra, as evidence of green practices and supply chain traceability, which can help consumers identify more sustainably and safely produced soy. 47 

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This article is based on Scientific Research Conducted by following Research Organization:

  1. Amelioration of Atenolol Induced Hyperlipidemia by Glycine Max–Lala Lajpat Rai College of Pharmacy, India, Khalsa College of Pharmacy, India, KIET School of Pharmacy, India
  2. Effectiveness of giving edamame suplementation (Glycine Max l. Merrill) on improvement blood pressure in women of childbearing age with hypertension
  3. Chapter 126 - Effect of Soybean (Glycine max L.) on Hot Flashes, Blood Pressure, and Inflammation
  4. The Effect of Soybean Milk (Glycine Max L.) on Reducing Blood Pressure and Cholesterol Levels in Women of Reproductive Age–Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia
  5. Therapeutic Effect of Glycine Max (Soybean) Bioactive Components in Cvd and Obesity–Vishwakarma Institute of Information Technology, Pune
  6. Daily consumption of black soybean (Glycine max L.) seed coat polyphenols attenuates dyslipidemia in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice–All India Institute of Ayurveda, India, Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, India
  7. WE CARE ABOUT YOUR PRIVACY–Deccan College of Medical Sciences, India
  8. Does Glycine max leaves or Garcinia Cambogia promote weight-loss or lower plasma cholesterol in overweight individuals: a randomized control trial–Kyungpook National University, South Korea
  9. A comparative analysis of anti-lipidemic potential of soybean (Glycine max) protein hydrolysates obtained from different ripening stages: Identification, and molecular interaction mechanisms of novel bioactive peptides–Jiangnan University, China
  10. Cooking methods affect phytochemical composition and anti-obesity potential of soybean (Glycine max) seeds in Wistar rats–University of Dschang, Cameroon
  11. Exploring the Multi-targeted Therapeutic Mechanism of Bioactives from Glycine max in Treatment of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Obesity through an In-vitro and In-silico Approach–Savitribai Phule Pune University, India
  12. The beneficial effect of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) leaf extracts in adults with prediabetes: a randomized placebo controlled trial–Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
  13. Fermentation Improves the Preventive Effect of Soybean Against Bone Loss in Senescence-Accelerated Mouse Prone 6–Korea University of Technology and Education, South Korea, Korea Food Research Institute, South Korea, Korea University, South Korea
  14. Can soy prevent male osteoporosis? A review of the current evidence–Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia
  15. A Mixture of Cervus elaphus sibiricus and Glycine max (L.) Merrill Inhibits Ovariectomy-Induced Bone Loss Via Regulation of Osteogenic Molecules in a Mouse Model–Daejeon Korean Hospital of Daejeon University, South Korea
  16. Genistein, a soybean isoflavone, affects bone marrow lymphopoiesis and prevents bone loss in castrated male mice–National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Japan
  17. A Mixture of Cervus elaphus sibiricus and Glycine max (L.) Merrill Inhibits Ovariectomy-Induced Bone Loss Via Regulation of Osteogenic Molecules in a Mouse Model–Daejeon Korean Hospital of Daejeon University, South Korea
  18. Soy isoflavones prevent bone resorption and loss, a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials–Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Iran
  19. Effect of soybeans and sword beans on bone metabolism in a rat model of osteoporosis–University of Minnesota, USA, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, USA, University of Michigan, USA
  20. Soybean isoflavones dose-dependently reduce bone turnover but do not reverse established osteopenia in adult ovariectomized rats–University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, United States
  21. Consumption of soybean, soy foods, soy isoflavones and breast cancer incidence: Differences between Chinese women and women in Western countries and possible mechanisms
  22. Systematic review of soy isoflavone supplements on osteoporosis in women–University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, USA
  23. Effects of soya consumption for one month on steroid hormones in premenopausal women: implications for breast cancer risk reduction–University of Texas Medical Branch, USA.
  24. Soy, isoflavones, and prostate cancer–Curtin University of Technology, Australia.
  25. Benefits of Soybean in the Era of Precision Medicine: A Review of Clinical Evidence–Gyeongsang National University, Republic of Korea, Zhengzhou University, Henan, People’s Republic of China
  26. Intake of Soy, Soy Isoflavones and Soy Protein and Risk of Cancer Incidence and Mortality–Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, China
  27. An overview of the health effects of isoflavones with an emphasis on prostate cancer risk and prostate-specific antigen levels–Loma Linda University, USA
  28. Soy Consumption and the Risk of Prostate Cancer: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis–University of Illinois at Urbana‑Champaign, USA
  29. Soy Isoflavones (from Glycine max) in Menopause Health and Diseases–Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, India, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, India
  30. Isoflavone-Enriched Soybean Leaves (Glycine Max) Alleviate Cognitive Impairment Induced by Ovariectomy and Modulate PI3K/Akt Signaling in the Hippocampus of C57BL6 Mice–Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea.
  31. Effects of Glycine max (L.) Merr. soy isoflavone vaginal gel on epithelium morphology and estrogen receptor expression in postmenopausal women: a 12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial–Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo, Brazil
  32. Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Fermented Soybean-Lettuce Powder for Improving Menopausal Symptoms–Wonkwang University Hospital, Iksan, Korea, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea, Jeonju University, Jeonju, Korea
  33. The Women's Study for the Alleviation of Vasomotor Symptoms (WAVS): a randomized, controlled trial of a plant-based diet and whole soybeans for postmenopausal women–George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
  34. Therapeutic Effect of Glycine Max (Soybean) Bioactive Components in Cvd and Obesity–The University of Lahore, Pakistan
  35. Consumption of soy products and cardiovascular mortality in people with and without cardiovascular disease: a prospective cohort study of 0.5 million individuals–Peking University Health Science Center, China, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
  36. Soy Consumption with Risk of Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies–Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China, University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
  37. Effect of Ethanol Extract of Glycine Max (Soy Bean) on Serum Lipid Profile of Fat-Fed Hyperlipidemic Rats–CARe Medical College, Bangladesh, Pioneer Dental College, Bangladesh, Ibrahim Medical College, Bangladesh, Uttara Adhunik Medical College, Bangladesh, University Dental College, Bangladesh, Delta Medical College, Bangladesh
  38. Soy isoflavone intake and risk of cardiovascular disease in adults: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies–Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Iran, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Iran, Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Iran, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran
  39. Black beans (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) included in a multi-grain rice reduce total cholesterol and enhance antioxidant capacity in high-fat diet-induced obese mice–Hanyang University, South Korea
  40. Effect of soy-based meal replacement on weight loss: A systematic review and meta-analyses protocol–AIMST University, Bedong, Malaysia, AU2 Taman Keramat Health Clinic, Malaysia, Taiping Health Clinic, Malaysia
  41. Soy fiber improves weight loss and lipid profile in overweight and obese adults: A randomized controlled trial–Zhejiang University in Hangzhou, China
  42. Germinated soy germ extract ameliorates obesity through beige fat activation†–Konkuk University, Republic of Korea, National Institute of Crop Science, Republic of Korea
  43. Isoflavone-enriched soybean (Glycine max) leaves prevents ovariectomy-induced obesity by enhancing fatty acid oxidation–Gyeongsang National University, Republic of Korea
  44. A novel soy-based meal replacement formula for weight loss among obese individuals: a randomized controlled clinical trial–University of Alabama, USA, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, USA, University of Missouri, USA, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, USA
  45. Soy intake is related to a lower body mass index in adult women–Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
  46. Immunomodulatory Effects of Soybeans and Processed Soy Food Compounds–Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
  47. Therapeutic Efficacy of Soy-Derived Bioactives: A Systematic Review of Nutritional Potency, Bioactive Therapeutics, and Clinical Biomarker Modulation–University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan, National University of Sciences & Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan, University of York, York, UK
  48. Fine-tuning of mononuclear phagocytes for improved inflammatory responses: role of soybean-derived immunomodulatory compounds–Fujita Health University, Aichi, Japan, Tokyo University of Technology, Japan, Institute of Metabolic Function, Kanagawa, Japan
  49. Anti-Inflammatory Effect and Signaling Mechanism of Glycine max Hydrolyzed with Enzymes from Bacillus velezensis KMU01 in a Dextran-Sulfate-Sodium-Induced Colitis Mouse Model–Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
  50. The clinical and immunomodulatory effects of green soybean extracts–Nisshin Pharma Inc., Fujimino, Saitama, Japan
  51. Douchi (fermented Glycine max Merr.) alleviates atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice by regulation of PKC and IL-4–Semyung University, Republic of Korea, Pusan National University, Republic of Korea, Dongguk University, Republic of Korea
  52. Glycine max Fermented by a Novel Probiotic, Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis LDTM 8102, Increases Immuno-Modulatory Function–Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Yuhan University, Bucheon, Republic of Korea, Kwangdong Pharm Co. Ltd., Republic of Korea
  53. Isoflavones derived from Glycine max (L.) Merr. in the treatment of vaginal atrophy: A new frontier–Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
  54. Glycine Max (L.) Merr isoflavone gel improves vaginal vascularization in postmenopausal women–Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
  55. Clinical Efficacy of Topical or Oral Soy Supplementation in Dermatology: A Systematic Review–University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA, Touro University, Vallejo, CA, USA, Integrative Skin Science and Research, Sacramento, CA, USA, Pacific Skin Institute, Sacramento, CA, USA
  56. Isoflavone-enriched soybean leaves (Glycine max) restore loss of dermal collagen fibers induced by ovariectomy in the Sprague Dawley rats–Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Lishui University, Zhejiang, China
  57. Macrophage and keratinocyte cell assays suggest that the supercritical CO2 extract of black soybean possesses anti-inflammatory and skin barrier-protective effects–Hong Kong Baptist University, China, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, China
  58. Conjugation of Glycine max (L.) Merrill Oligopeptide with Monosaccharides: A Novel Approach for Stability and Efficacy in Cosmeceutical Applications–Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
  59. Clinical Efficacy of Topical or Oral Soy Supplementation in Dermatology: A Systematic Review–University of South Florida, USA, Touro University College of Osteopathic Medicine, USA, University of California, USA, Pacific Skin Institute, Sacramento, CA, USA
  60. Isoflavone-enriched soybean leaves (Glycine max) restore loss of dermal collagen fibers induced by ovariectomy in the Sprague Dawley rats–Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Lishui University, Zhejiang, China
  61. Implications of antinutritional components in soybean foods–University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
  62. Allergenicity of major component proteins of soybean determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunoblotting in children with atopic dermatitis and positive soy challenges–Arkansas Children’s Hospital, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
  63. Adverse effects of plant food supplements and botanical preparations: a systematic review with critical evaluation of causality–Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Lishui University, Zhejiang, China
  64. Development of soybeans with low P34 allergen protein concentration for reduced allergenicity of soy foods
  65. Oxalate content of soybean seeds (Glycine max: Leguminosae), soyfoods, and other edible legumes–Washington State University, Spokane, Washington, USA
  66. Pancreatic enlargement is evident in rats fed diets containing raw soybeans (Glycine max) or cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata) for 800 days but not in those fed diets based on kidney beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) or lupinseed (Lupinus angustifolius)–Rowett Research Institute, Aberdeen, Scotland, United Kingdom
  67. Possible adverse effects of soybean anticarcinogens–University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
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