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Health benefits of Yellow buckwheat

Yellow buckwheat Quick Facts
Name: Yellow buckwheat
Scientific Name: Fagopyrum cymosum
Origin Much of China, and to Bhutan, Nepal, India, Burma, and Vietnam
Colors Initially green turning to dark brown or black in color
Shapes Small, dry fruits called achenes that contain a single seed
Taste Slightly sweet or faintly herbal
Health benefits Heart health, Allergy Relief, Enhanced Skin Health, Improved Brain Function, Mineral-rich, Weight management, Blood sugar control, Digestive healthand High in antioxidants
Fagopyrum cymosum, also called yellow buckwheat or tall buckwheat, is a species of plant that has been grown in a garden. It is a member of the Polygonaceae family, which is often called the buckwheat family. It’s not a real cereal grain, but a fake one. It is used in traditional Chinese medicine, to feed animals, and as a plant for decoration. The plant is from Bhutan, Nepal, India, Burma, and Vietnam, as well as a large part of China. Some of the popular common names of the plants are Golden buckwheat, Yellow buckwheat, Umbrella Plant, Golden Tartary buckwheat, Yellow Himalayan Buckwheat, Yellow Sulphur Flower, Yellow Flowering Buckwheat, Yellow Buckwheat Wildflower, Yellow Tartary buckwheat, Cushion Wild Buckwheat, Sulfur-flower, Umbel-stalked Buckwheat, Wild Buckwheat, Sulphur Buckwheat and Buckwheat Wildflower.

The name of the genus “Fagopyrum” comes from two Latin words: “fagus” and “pyrum.” “Fagus” is Latin for “beech tree,” and “pyrum” is Latin for “pear.” The name “Fagopyrum” comes from the fact that the plant’s seeds look like pear or beech tree nuts. The word “cymosum” is a specific name that comes from the Latin word “cymosus,” which means “bearing cymes.” A cyme is a type of inflorescence in which the flower in the middle blooms first, then the flowers on the sides in a branching design. This word refers to the way the plant’s flowers are always grouped together in groups called cymes. Buckwheat seeds that are yellow are very healthy. They have a lot of complex carbs, fiber, protein, and important minerals like magnesium, manganese, and copper. Buckwheat is also full of vitamins, especially rutin, which is good for the heart and helps reduce inflammation.

Yellow buckwheat Facts

Name Yellow buckwheat
Scientific Name Fagopyrum cymosum
Native Much of China, and to Bhutan, Nepal, India, Burma, and Vietnam
Common Names Golden buckwheat, Yellow buckwheat, Golden Tartary buckwheat, Yellow Tartary buckwheat, Yellow Himalayan Buckwheat, Yellow Flowering Buckwheat, Yellow Buckwheat Wildflower, Yellow Sulphur Flower, Sulphur Buckwheat, Sulfur-flower, Umbel-stalked Buckwheat, Umbrella Plant, Wild Buckwheat, Cushion Wild Buckwheat, Buckwheat Wildflower, Western Buckwheat, Sand Buckwheat, American Buckwheat, Whorled Buckwheat, Flat-topped Buckwheat, Flat-topped Eriogonum, Flattop Buckwheat, Roundleaf Eriogonum, Umbrella Wild Buckwheat
Name in Other Languages Afrikaans: Geelboekweit
Arabic: Al-Hanṭah al-Ṣafra (الحنطة الصفراء)
Assamese: Holodia Phapa (হলদিয়া ফাপা), Holodia Phap (হলদিয়া ফপ), Bon Choka, Bon Paleng
Bengali: Hōluda tēla kṣudrabīja (হলুদ তেল ক্ষুদ্রবীজ)
Bhojpuri: Pīlā Phāpar (पीला फापर), Pīlā Gahat (पीला गहत)
Bulgarian: Zhalт buchim (Жълт бучим)
Chinese: Huángsè qiáomài (黄色荞麦), Ye qiao mai, jīn qiáo (金荞)
Czech: Žlutý pohanka
Danish: Gul boghvede
Dutch: Gele boekweit
English: Wild buckwheat, perennial buckwheat, tall buckwheat, tree spinach, wild buckwheat
Estonian: Kollane tatar
Finnish: Keltainen tattari
French: Sarrasin jaune
German: Gelber Buchweizen, ausdauernder Buchweizen, Baumspinat, wilder Buchweizen
Greek: Kítrinos achrántios (Κίτρινος αχράντιος), Kítrino achládi (Κίτρινο αχλάδι)
Gujarati: Pīḷō Gōṭhāḷō (પીળો ગોઠાળો), Pīlī Kūṭhaḷī (પીળી કૂઠળી)
Hindi: Pila Kutki (पीला कुटकी), ban ogal (बन ओगल)
Hungarian: Sárga bogáncs
Icelandic: Gulhveiti
Italian: Grano saraceno giallo
Japanese: Kiiroisoba (黄色いそば), Kiiro no soba (黄色のそば), himaraya-soba (ヒマラヤソバ), shakuchiri-soba, shukukon-soba (シャクチリソバ)
Kannada: Haladi Godhi (ಹಳದಿ ಗೋಧಿ), Manjina Huṭṭu (ಮಂಜಿನ ಹುಟ್ಟು), Haladi Huṭṭu (ಹಳದಿ ಹುಟ್ಟು)
Khasi: Jarain
Konkani: Pivlo Godhi (पिवळो गोधी), Pivlo Phap (पिवळो फाप)
Korean: Noran samgye (노란 삼계),  Noransaek memil (노란색 메밀)
Latvian: Dzeltenā griķi
Lithuanian: Geltonasis grikis
Maithili: Pila Phapa (पीला फापा), Pila Phapar (पीला फपर)
Malayalam: Manja Gothambu (മഞ്ഞ ഗോതമ്പ്), Manja Kuttika (മഞ്ഞ കുട്ടിക്ക), Manja Kuḷḷippaṭakk (മഞ്ഞ കുള്ളിപ്പടക്ക്)
Manipuri: Haladi Sola (হালদি সলা), Haladi Phap (হালদি ফাপ)
Marathi: Pivla Kutki (पिवळा कुटकी), Pivla Phapar (पिवळा फापर)
Nepali: Pahelo Phapar (पहेलो फापर), ban phappar (बन फापर)
Norwegian: Gul bokhvete
Odia: Haladia Kutki (ହଳଦିଆ କୁଟକୀ), Haladia Phap (ହଳଦିଆ ଫପ)
Polish: Żółty gryka, Żółta gryka
Portuguese: Trigo sarraceno amarelo, Trigo mourisco amarelo
Punjabi: Pīlā Kuṭkī (ਪੀਲਾ ਕੁੱਟਕੀ), Pīlā Adangā (ਪੀਲਾ ਅਦੰਗਾ), Pīlā Adrak (ਪੀਲਾ ਅਦਰਕ)
Rajsthani: Pīlā Phāfar (पीला फाफर), Pīlo Kuṭkī (पीलो कुटकी)
Romanian: Hrișcă galbenă
Russian: Zheltyy grechikha (Желтый гречиха)
Sindhi: Pila Gotu (پيلا گٽو), Pila Phapar (پيلا فپر)
Slovak: Žltý pohánka
Spanish: Trigo sarraceno amarillo
Swahili: Mtama mwekundu
Swedish: Gul bovete
Tamil: Manjaḷ Koṭumai (மஞ்சள் கோதுமை), (Manjaḷ Tēṉai (மஞ்சள் தேனை), Manjaḷ Kīrai (மஞ்சள் கீரை)
Telugu: Pasupa Godhumaḷu (పసుపు గోధుమలు), Pasupu Godhuma Biyyam (పసుపు గోధుమ బియ్యం), Pasupu Āntu (పసుపు ఆంటు)
Thai: Khao sam liam, Phak bung som
Turkish: Sarı darı, Sarı çavdar
Ukrainian: Zhovtyy grechanyy (Жовтий гречаний)
Urdu: Pila Kacholi (پیلا کچولی), Pila Phapar (پیلا فپر)
Vietnamese: Lúa mạch vàng
Plant Growth Habit Herbaceous perennial plant
Growing Climates Grasslands, open meadows, sagebrush steppe, montane environments and mountain slopes
Soil Prefers well-drained soils. It can tolerate a range of soil types, including sandy or rocky soils, as long as they allow for good drainage
Plant Size About 2 to 4 feet (0.6 to 1.2 meters) tall
Root Possesses a taproot system, which means it has a single, dominant primary root that grows vertically into the ground
Stem Erect, slender, and hollow. It grows upright from the ground and provides support to the plant’s leaves, flowers, and fruits. The stem is green when young, turning reddish-brown or purplish-brown as it matures
Bark Composed of the epidermis, which is a thin, protective layer that covers the surface of the stem. It helps to prevent water loss and protect the inner tissues of the plant
Leaf Typically elongated, lance-shaped, or oval. They arise from the basal rosette and can vary in size and shape depending on the variety
Flowering season From June to July, although it can start as early as May or extend into August in some regions
Flower Produces clusters of small, yellow flowers. These flowers are typically arranged in an umbel or cyme-like structure, with numerous flower clusters radiating from a central point. The flowers attract pollinators such as bees, butterflies, and flies, aiding in the plant’s reproductive process
Fruit Shape & Size Small, dry fruits called achenes that contain a single seed
Fruit Color Initially green turning to dark brown or black in color
Seed small and round or triangular in shape and about 2-3 millimeters long
Flavor/Aroma Slightly sweet or faintly herbal
Taste Bitter, earthy, or slightly astringent
Plant Parts Used Leaves, flowers, roots
Propagation By seed, division, stem cutting and transplanting
Lifespan 5 to 10 years or more under favorable conditions
Season July to September
Major Nutrition
  • Carbohydrates
  • Protein
  • B Vitamins
  • Minerals
  • Antioxidants
Health benefits
  • Heart health
  • Allergy Relief
  • Enhanced Skin Health
  • Improved Brain Function
  • Mineral-rich
  • Nutritional support for vegetarians and vegans
  • Anti-inflammatory properties
  • Gluten-free alternative
  • Weight management
  • Blood sugar control
  • Digestive health
  • High in antioxidants
  • Nutrient-rich
Available Forms
  • Infusions or Teas
  • Topical Preparations
  • Tinctures
  • Decoctions
  • Compresses
  • Herbal Baths
  • Poultices
  • Salves or Balms
  • Inhalations
  • Herbal Extracts
  • Capsules or Tablets
Varieties
  • Eriogonum umbellatum var. aureum
  • Eriogonum umbellatum var. furcosum
  • Eriogonum umbellatum var. majus
  • Eriogonum umbellatum var. polyanthum
  • Eriogonum umbellatum var. subalpinum
  • Eriogonum umbellatum var. subarcticum
  • Eriogonum umbellatum var. polycladon
  • Eriogonum umbellatum var. corymbosum
  • Eriogonum umbellatum var. ellipticum
  • Eriogonum umbellatum var. nevadense
  • Eriogonum umbellatum var. bifurcatum
  • Eriogonum umbellatum var. mogollonicum
  • Eriogonum umbellatum var. pubescens
  • Eriogonum umbellatum var. ramulosum
  • Eriogonum umbellatum var. scopulorum
  • Eriogonum umbellatum var. aurantiacum
  • Eriogonum umbellatum var. munroi
  • Eriogonum umbellatum var. rubescens
  • Eriogonum umbellatum var. munzii
  • Eriogonum umbellatum var. tenue

Plant Description

Yellow buckwheat is an annual plant that grows from 0.6 to 1.2 meters (2 to 4 feet) tall. The plant grows in grasslands, open plains, sagebrush steppe, montanes, and on the slopes of mountains. The plant does best in dirt that drains well. It can grow in a variety of soils, such as sandy or rocky ones, as long as they drain well. Stay away from heavy clay soils that hold too much water, as this can cause root rot. The plant could live for many years, usually between 5 and 10 years or even longer if the conditions are right. Some plants may live even longer than that, especially in places that are well-kept and good for them. Yellow buckwheat’s life span can be affected by things like temperature, soil quality, and the amount of water available.

Appropriate growing environment for Yellow buckwheat

Yellow buckwheat is adapted to a wide range of environments but generally thrives in specific growing conditions. Here are some considerations for providing an appropriate growing environment for Yellow buckwheat:

Roots

Yellow buckwheat has a taproot, which means that it has one main root that goes straight down into the ground. The taproot is usually longer and thicker than the other roots. It is the main root that holds the plant down. From the taproot, a lot of side roots grow out and spread across the dirt. These lateral roots grow in different ways, allowing the plant to get water and nutrients from a wider area. There are many small root hairs on the side roots. These root hairs make the roots bigger, which lets them take in more water and minerals from the dirt.

It can also grow roots that aren’t connected to the main taproot system. Adventitious roots are extra roots that grow from parts of the plant that are not roots, like stems or leaves. They can give the plant more support and help it absorb more water. As the plant grows older, the taproot may slowly grow a network of flexible roots. These flexible roots are not very thick, and they form a dense mat in the top soil layers. They help the plant stay put in the ground and take in nutrients from the soil around it.

Stem

The base stands straight, is thin, and is hollow. It grows straight up from the ground and gives the plant’s leaves, flowers, and seeds something to hold on to. When the stem is young, it is green, but as it gets older, it turns dark brown or purple-brown. The stem is made up of different parts called internodes. Because these nodes are round and long, they give the stem its distinctive shape. Most of the time, the internodes are open, which lets water, nutrients, and other important things move through the plant.

Nodes are the places on a stem where leaves, branches, or other parts of the plant grow. Yellow buckwheat usually has clear nodes along its stem. These nodes are where the leaves and flowers grow from. It might grow side stems that come out of the main stem’s nodes. These stems give the plant’s leaves and flowers more support and help make it look bushy as a whole. Usually, the stem is smooth and has a few small ridges. The tiny hairs or trichomes on the skin may make it feel a little rough to the touch.

Bark

Yellow buckwheat is an herbaceous plant that doesn’t have a typical woody stem with leaves. Instead, it has a thick stem that is usually green when it is young and turns reddish-brown or purple-brown as it gets older. Because of this, its bark is not like that of trees or bushes. The epidermis is a thin, protected layer that covers the surface of the stem. It is the outermost layer of the stem. The stem’s epidermis keeps water from escaping and protects the plant’s inner cells.

Since the stem isn’t woody, it doesn’t have secondary tissues like cork and phloem, which are usually found in the bark of woody plants. These cells are what give trees and shrubs their shape and help keep them safe. Yellow buckwheat, on the other hand, has a more herbaceous stem structure, with main tissues that move water and nutrients. The xylem and phloem are two of these main tissues. The xylem moves water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant. The phloem moves sugars and other organic molecules around the plant.

Leaves

Most leaves are triangular or heart-shaped and end in a point. They have a wide base and a noticeable central vein that goes all the way from the base to the tip of the leaf. The leaves are alternate, which means that they are not in groups or whorls but instead are spread out along the stem. Each leaf grows from a different part of the stem, so no two leaves are right next to each other. The leaves can be small or big, but most of the time they are between 2 and 6 inches long and 5 to 15 centimeters long. The leaf surface is smooth and thin, and it feels a little bit like wax. When you touch the leaves, they might feel soft and thin.

Most of the time, the leaves are a bright, lively shade of green. But the shade of green can be different based on things like how much sunlight the plant gets and how healthy it is overall. The lines in the leaves are easy to see. The midrib is the name for the central vein that runs down the middle of the leaf from the base to the tip. Smaller veins break off from the midrib, making a complex network of veins all over the leaf. The leaf’s edge is called the leaf margin.  Most leaf margins are smooth and slightly wavy, and they don’t have any big teeth or serrations.

Flower

The yellow flowers of buckwheat grow in groups called inflorescences. Most of the time, these inflorescences have a flat top or an umbel shape, and several flowers grow from a single point on a center stem. Each flower is very small, ranging between 3 and 5 millimeters across. They are shaped like a cup or bowl and have five petals and five sepals. The sepals are the flower parts that are on the outside and are usually green. Most sepals join together at the bottom to make a calyx, which looks like a cup. Before the flower opens, the calyx covers the bud as it grows.

There are five yellow flowers inside the calyx. They are usually oval or oblong in shape. The petals are the most beautiful part of the flower. Their bright colors draw in pollinators. The stamens are the parts of a flower that make male offspring. Most yellow buckwheat flowers have five stamens, and each one is made up of a thin stalk and an anther. The pollen grains that hold the male gametes are made by the anthers. The pistil is the female part of the flower that makes seeds. It is in the middle of the flower and is made up of the stigma, the style, and the ovary. The stigma is sticky and open to pollen, and the style is where the pollen tube grows. The ovary holds the ovules, which become seeds when they are fertilized. Bees, butterflies, and flies are some of the insects that pollinate flowers.

Fruits

Most of the time, the achenes are small and round or triangle in shape. They are usually flat or have a small curve. The achenes can be different sizes, but most of the time they are about 3–4 millimeters long. The wall of the fruit is called the pericarp. The pericarp is thin and dry, which makes the fruit feel like paper or leather. Most of the time, it is brown, but it can also be black or grey.

Seed

Most of the time, the seeds are small and round or triangular in shape. Compared to the size of the fruit, they are pretty big. They can be different sizes, but most are about 2-3 millimeters long. The seed coat or testa is the skin on the outside of the seed. The seed coat is usually brown or dark, and it feels tough and hard. The seed coat keeps the baby inside from getting hurt by being dropped or dried out, among other things.

Some seeds have a tissue called endosperm that is full of nutrients and feeds the baby as it grows. But in Yellow buckwheat, the endosperm is often not there or is very small. The cotyledons store the chemicals that the seed needs to germinate and grow at first.

History

Native American groups from all over the western parts of North America have used yellow buckwheat for a long time. The Shoshone, Paiute, Nez Perce, and Blackfoot, among other tribes, used different parts of the plant for a variety of things. In 1814, the German-American botanist Frederick Traugott Pursh was the first person to study yellow buckwheat and give it a name. During his study of plants in North America, Pursh came across the plant. In his book “Flora Americae Septentrionalis,” he gave a full account and classification of many North American plant species, including Yellow buckwheat.

Yellow buckwheat is still pretty common in its original range, but some populations and subspecies may be threatened by habitat loss, invasive species, climate change, and land development. Conservation efforts try to protect and keep Yellow buckwheat’s natural environments so that this important species can live on for a long time.

Varieties of Yellow buckwheat

Yellow buckwheat exhibits significant variability within its species, leading to the recognition of several varieties or subspecies. The specific number and classification of these varieties may vary depending on the botanical references consulted. Here are some of the commonly recognized varieties of Yellow buckwheat:

Health benefits of yellow buckwheat

Yellow buckwheat, also known as Fagopyrum tataricum, is a nutritious grain-like seed that offers several health benefits. It is a gluten-free pseudo-cereal and a rich source of various essential nutrients. Here are some of the detailed health benefits of yellow buckwheat:

1. Nutrient-rich

Yellow buckwheat is a food that is full of vitamins, minerals, and enzymes that your body needs. It has nutrients like magnesium, manganese, phosphorus, zinc, and copper, as well as vitamins B1 (thiamine), B2 (riboflavin), B3 (niacin), B5 (pantothenic acid), B6, and foliate.

2. High in antioxidants

Yellow buckwheat has a lot of flavonoids and phenolic substances, which are antioxidants. Antioxidants help protect the body from oxidative stress, which can damage cells and lead to long-term illnesses like heart disease, cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders.

3. Heart health

Yellow buckwheat has a vitamin called rutin, which may help keep the heart healthy. Rutin makes blood vessels stronger, improves blood flow, and lowers the risk of heart diseases like high blood pressure and cholesterol. Buckwheat also has a lot of fiber, which may help control cholesterol levels and support a healthy heart.

4. Blood sugar control

Yellow buckwheat has a low glycemic index. This means that it raises blood sugar levels more slowly than foods with a high glycemic index. This makes it good for people with diabetes or who want to keep their blood sugar levels in check. Buckwheat has a chemical called chiro-inositol, which may also help the body use glucose better.

5. Digestive health

Yellow buckwheat has a lot of fibre, which helps the digestive system. Fiber adds bulk to poop, which keeps you from getting constipated, and helps good gut bugs grow. It can also help control bowel processes and improve the health of the digestive system as a whole.

6. Weight management

Yellow buckwheat is a filling and healthy foods that can help you lose weight. Fiber helps control hunger by making you feel full and stopping you from eating too much. Also, the complex carbohydrates in buckwheat give you energy that lasts, so you feel full for longer.

7. Gluten-free alternative

Yellow buckwheat is naturally free of gluten, which makes it a good grain replacement for people who are sensitive to gluten or have celiac disease. It can be used in gluten-free recipes for things like bread, pancakes, and pasta. It is a healthy option to traditional grains that contain gluten.

8. Anti-inflammatory properties

9. of the chemicals in yellow buckwheat, like quercetin and other flavonoids, can help reduce inflammation. These qualities might help lower inflammation in the body, which is linked to a number of long-term conditions like arthritis, heart disease, and some types of cancer.

9. Nutritional support for vegetarians and vegans

Yellow buckwheat is a great source of plant-based proteins, which makes it an important part of a vegetarian or vegan diet. It is a complete source of protein because it has all nine necessary amino acids.

10. Mineral-rich

Yellow buckwheat is a good source of magnesium, phosphorus, and potassium, which are all important minerals. These minerals are important for bone health, nerve function, and keeping the right mix of electrolytes in the body.

11. Improved Brain Function

Buckwheat has nutrients that are good for the brain. Vitamin B1 helps the brain make hormones, which helps the brain work well. Also, rutin, which is found in buckwheat, has been linked to better brain function and a lower chance of neurodegenerative diseases.

12. Enhanced Skin Health

Yellow buckwheat has vitamins like rutin and quercetin that help keep the skin healthy. They protect against reactive stress, slow the signs of ageing, and make skin more flexible. Buckwheat can help keep your skin healthy and looking young if you eat it.

13. Allergy Relief

Some studies show that buckwheat may help relieve allergy symptoms by having chemicals in it. Histamine, a chemical that is involved in allergic responses, can’t get out of cells when these compounds are present. Because of this, eating buckwheat may help with allergy symptoms like sneezing, itching, and stuffy nose.

Different medicinal forms of Yellow buckwheat

Yellow buckwheat is not commonly used in modern medicine; there are different forms in which Yellow buckwheat could potentially be used medicinally. Here are some examples:

Culinary Uses of Yellow buckwheat

Yellow buckwheat, also known as yellow buckwheat flour or yellow buckwheat groats, is a versatile ingredient that can be used in various culinary preparations. Here are some culinary uses of yellow buckwheat:

Different uses

Yellow buckwheat is a cereal crop that is primarily grown for its edible seeds. It is a member of the buckwheat family and has several uses in various industries. Here are some of the different uses of yellow buckwheat in detail:

Side effects of Yellow buckwheat

Buckwheat is generally considered safe for consumption, and side effects are rare. However, in some cases, individuals may experience certain reactions or side effects, which can include:

References:

http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2807293

https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/FAGCY

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fagopyrum_cymosum

https://indiabiodiversity.org/species/show/251880

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