What is the definition of low-vision?
Low vision refers to the loss of vision which is not corrected by glasses prescribed by a doctor, contact lenses or surgery. This kind of loss in vision does not mean that you are completely blind since there’s still some vision and it may be corrected by using visual aids.
Low vision is characterized by different levels of loss of sight that range from blind spots to poor night vision , and issues with glare, to an almost total loss of sight. According to the American Optometric Association defines low vision as falling into two types:
“Partially sighted”: the person’s vision is between 20/70 to 20/200, using traditional prescription lenses.
“Legally blind”: the person’s vision is higher than 20/200, with traditional correction, and/or a narrow field of vision that is less than 20 degrees.
The measurement of the ratio of vision is used to describe visual acuity, also known as the clarity of vision at 20 feet distance from an object. For instance 20/70 vision indicates that you need to be 20 feet away to be able to discern what a person who has normal vision could see at 70 feet.
Who is the most at high risk of developing low vision?
Everyone is susceptible to low vision due to it arising from a range of illnesses and injuries. Due to age-related conditions such as macular degeneration and glaucoma the condition is more prevalent among adults over 45, and is even more prevalent among adults who are who are over 75 years old. For instance, one out of six people over the age of 45 has poor vision. One out of four people over 75 has poor vision.
The most popular kinds of low-vision include:
- Central vision loss It is an unblind spot at the center of the vision.
- Periperal (side) sight Inability to see anything one side of the other, either over or below the eye at eye level. Central vision, however remains unaffected.
- Blindness at night A lack of ability to see clearly in dark places like theaters, and also outdoors at night.
- blurred vision objects both distant and near appear out of the focus.
- Vision blurred The entire area of vision appears to be covered in the blur or film.
Symptoms and causes
There could be several reasons for low vision. They are typically the result of eye injuries or conditions that affect the eye, or from a condition like diabetes that affects the whole body. The most frequent causes of poor vision are macular degeneration that is caused by age as well as diabetes and the glaucoma. Low vision can also arise from eye cancer as well as albinism, brain injuries or genetic disorders of the eye, such as the retinitis pigmentosa. If you suffer from these conditions or you are at risk of them, you’re also more likely to suffer from low vision.
Diagnosis and tests
A eye examination performed by your eye care specialist will identify low vision. Make an appointment with your eye specialist when your vision problems make it difficult for you to perform regular activities like traveling working, cooking, or school. The eye doctor’s tests will carry out consist of the use of lights magnifiers, charts, and other devices to test your the depth perception, visual acuity and the visual field.
Management and treatment
Certain eye disorders, such as diabetic retinopathy, are treated to maintain or restore vision. If this is not feasible the vision loss is permanent. Many people with difficulty seeing find aids for visual impairment beneficial. The most popular low-vision aids are:
- Telescopic glasses.
- Lenses that reflect light.
- Magnifying glasses.
- Hand magnifiers.
- Closed-circuit television.
- Reading prisms.
Certain patients suffering from retinitis pigmentosa with no functional vision might be able to benefit from the Argus(r) II prosthetic retina. This device can partially restore vision to those who are blind. For some patients, the restored vision can allow the patient to be able to independently navigate the streets, doors as well as sort dark and light colored laundry, or be able to read big letters.
Non-optical aids specifically designed for people who have difficulty seeing are extremely helpful. A few of the most popular non-optical devices are:
- Software for reading text.
- Read for guides.
- High contrast watches and clocks.
- Clocks and watches that talk.
- Large print publications.
- Clocks, watches, and phones with larger numbers.
Visual aids enhance both vision and standard of living for many people. Consult your Low vision specialists about the best places to buy visual aids.
Prevention
Vision loss may be prevented for diabetics and some patients suffering from macular degeneration and glaucoma could be treated in order to prevent further loss of vision.
Low-vision devices aim to enhance the visual performance of children who have low vision, thereby facilitating social and academic development and giving them a boost in their everyday experiences. They could be electronic or electronic with optical. The most frequently prescribed low-vision aids are:
Magnifying Spectacles
Magnifying spectacles can be worn as eyeglassesand allow you to improve your vision for tasks such as reading, threading needles or stitching, etc. They are magnifiers that do not require hands that allow you to work using your hands.
Stand Magnifiers
Stand magnifiers These magnifiers are set away from your eyes and are placed on the object you’re looking to study. They also have handheld versions available for reading and they usually come with built-in lighting. If you suffer from motion disorder or arthritis, standing magnifiers can be best to your needs.
Telescopes
Telescopes that are handheld for viewing objects can be attached to eyeglasses or even be similar to binoculars and can be used to view things or even signs that are far away.
Video Magnifiers
A man reads from a video magnifier These electronic devices help print pages and photos appear larger. The most affordable “video magnifiers” are the tablets and smartphones that allow you to increase the contrast and the font size of text.
Low Vision Techniques
These modifications, also known as low vision techniques , help with every day tasks. Enhance the lighting of your home by replacing bulbs for light bulbs with higher wattage. Also, ensure that all corners and crevices well lit to prevent accidents and increase visibility. Reduce glare by adjusting light fixtures to minimize the impact on your eyes from the glare by wearing sunglasses, the wide-brimmed hat stole or dupatta tied around your face, protecting your eyes.
Use thick and bold felt tip markers to write and shopping lists Use a whiteboard note important date and timetables. Specially designed devices for low vision such as remotes, watches or thermostats with the ability to “talk back” are also accessible and inexpensive. If children are involved who are at special schools, occupational therapists are able to be reached to assist them in learning to be independent. A supportive home and school environment can help patients cope better with vision impairment.
The most important thing is to keep an optimistic and joyful attitude towards living. Many diseases once considered to be untreatable are now treated. Researchers from all over the world are focusing on the conditions that can cause permanent damage to the eyes and vision and we can be hopeful of a quick breakthrough.
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