Category: A

Ability to produce acid through bacterial metabolism.  

These terms refer to the residue of the metabolism of foods. The mineral salts of sodium, potassium, magnesium, and calcium are base-forming, while phosphorus, sulphur and chlorine are acid-forming. Which of these predominates in foods determines whether the residue is acidic or basic (alkaline); meat, cheese, eggs and cereals leave an acidic residue, while milk,…

Chemically, compounds that dissociate (ionise) in water to give rise to hydrogen ions (H+); they taste sour. A substance in which the hydrogen ion concentration is greater than the hydroxyl ion. May be organic or inorganic. Generally sharp and sour taste. A substance with a pH in the range from 0-6 which will react with…

Deficiency of hydrochloric acid in gastric digestive juice. The lack of free hydrochloric acid  in the stomach; more broadly, inadequate or suppressed secretions. The cause vary from stomach ulcers, alcoholism, adrenalin stress, and old age to a stomach carcinoma. Without enough acid, pepsin is inactive, proteins are poorly digested, and the prolonged contact with foreign,…

Synthetic compound with vitamin K activity; vitamin K3, or menaquinone-0.  

Product of addition of alcohol to aldehyde. Chemical combination of an aldehyde with alcohol.  

The amount of a food additive that could be taken daily for an entire lifespan without appreciable risk. Determined by measuring the highest dose of the substance that has no effect on experimental animals, then dividing by a safety factor of 100. Estimation of the maximum allowable level of a food component or contaminant. These…

Brand name for the anticonvulsant drug oxcarbazepine.  

Freud’s early hypothesis, later abandoned, that the trauma of childhood sexual seduction by adults was the cause of conversion symptoms.  

Characterized by social discomfort and reticence, low self-esteem, and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation. Manifestations may include avoiding activities that involve contact with others because of fears of criticism or disapproval; experiencing inhibited development of relationships with others because of fears of being foolish or being shamed; having few friends despite the desire to relate to…