Category: O

The quantity of a substance, like a medication, that will elicit the intended outcome without giving rise to undesirable side effects.  

A trademarked label for eye drops containing sodium cromoglicate, an antiallergy medication utilized in the management of allergic conjunctivitis.  

A kind of migraine characterized by a severe headache, often with visual disruptions, that impacts the movement of an eye. The movement of the pupil may or may not be influenced as well.  

An involuntary muscle contraction of the eyebrow.  

Direct rhythmic pressure applied to the heart via a chest wall incision to reinitiate halted heart activity is referred to as open chest massage. Also known as internal cardiac massage, this procedure is an emergency intervention to sustain circulation and is infrequently executed.  

The irritation of the compact, fluid-filled cushion that provides cushioning to the olecranon, situated at the elbow’s tip. This condition results in discomfort and swelling, but typically resolves after a few days of rest and avoiding undue stress on the joint.  

Estrogens are a group of hormones crucial for typical female sexual development and the proper operation of the reproductive system. They are primarily synthesized in the ovaries of women and are also generated by the placenta during pregnancy. Minor quantities are formed in the adrenal glands of both genders, but estrogens hold no distinct role…

A category of artificially created medications utilized in oral contraceptives and also to augment or substitute the body’s endogenous estrogen hormones in hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Often, estrogen medications are combined with progestogen medications. Estrogens inhibit the secretion of gonadotropin hormones, which spur cellular functions in the ovaries. They find application in hormone replacement therapy…

Examination of both the esophagus and the stomach utilizing an endoscope.  

Constriction of the esophagus, which can lead to discomfort, challenges in swallowing, regurgitation of food, and weight loss. Oesophageal stricture can stem from various sources, including esophageal cancer or a range of noncancerous factors. These encompass persistent reflux oesophagitis, where ongoing irritation due to stomach acid leads to inflammation and subsequent scar tissue formation, resulting…