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    Home»Eggplant – Solanum melongena Facts

    Eggplant – Solanum melongena Facts

    Eggplant which is also known as brinjal, aubergine is an annual herb which easily weigh to 2 pounds depending on how long they’re left to develop and also have an oblong egg just like shape to them. It prefers fertile, rich, well-drained soil and is found growing in tropical and cool temperate climate. Apart from its slightly bitter taste it is found used in several healthy and delicious dishes around the world.

    Name Eggplant
    Scientific Name Solanum melongena
    Native India and China
    Common/English Name Aubergine, guinea squash, Brinjal, Eggplant, melongene,  Jews’s Apple, garden egg, Mad Apple.
    Name in Other Languages Afrikaans : Eiervung
    Finnish : Aubergiini
    Laotian : Khua Hleez
    Nepali : Bhanta
    Spanish : Berenjena
    Korean : Kaji
    Hungarian : Padlizsán
    Brazil : Berinjela
    Chinese : Ai Gua
    Papiamento : Bereheim
    Turkish : Patlıcan
    German : Aubergine
    Czech : Lilek Baklažán
    Arabic : Al-Baðinjān
    French : Aubergine
    Philippines : Talong ( Bikol )
    India : Begun
    Greek : Melitzana
    Hebrew : Hatzil
    Danish : Aubergine
    Thai : Makhua-Chan
    Burmese : Kayan
    Trinidad : Meloogen
    Guinea : Ta-Kobo
    Portugal : Beringela
    Senegal : Bādinjān ( Arabic )
    Iran : Bâdenjân
    Swahili : Mbilingani
    Japanese : Daimaru Nasu
    Bulgarian : Patladzsan
    Malaysia : Terong
    Polish : Bakłażan
    Dutch : Aubergine
    Slovencina : Baklažán
    Vietnamese : Cà Bat
    Romanian : Patlagea Vanata
    Croatian : Patlidžan
    Russian : Baklažan
    Slovašcina : Jajčevec
    French Guiana : Aubergine
    Catalan : Albergínia
    Surinam : Aubergine
    Italy : Maranziana
    Swedish : Äggört
    Persian : Bâdinjân
    Plant Growth Habit Annual herb to short-lived perennial sub-shrub
    Growing Climate Tropical and cool temperate climate thrives in full sun and ample water.
    Soil Fertile, rich, well-drained soil, and abhors waterlogged and strongly acidic soils.
    Plant Size 40 to 150 cm (16 to 59 in) tall
    Root Long taproot
    Stem Stem is often non-woody, spiny and pubescent with stellate hairs.
    Leaf Alternate, simple, large, coarsely lobed leaves that are 10 to 20 cm (3.9 to 7.9 in) long and 5 to 10 cm (2.0 to 3.9 in) broad.
    Flower Large, violet coloured and solitary or in clusters of two or more. Flowers are star-shaped, light purple in colour and have short stalks, 5 stamens attached to the corolla tube and a single superior ovary.
    Fruit Shape & Size Depressed globose to ellipsoid, globose, ovoid, obvoid, elongate or even serpentine berry, 2–35 cm long (sometimes longer), 2–20 cm broad, smoothness and shininess variable and many seeded.
    Fruit Color White, green, yellow, purple, pale violet-purple hues to black, sometimes netted (variegated) or streaked, when ripe
    Fruit Skin Thin, smooth, glossy skin
    Flesh Color White color pulp with numerous centrally arranged small, soft seeds.
    Flavor/Aroma Bland sort of flavor
    Fruit Taste Slightly bitter taste.
    Seed Lenticular to reniform, flattened, pale brown, 2.8–3.9 × 2.5–3.5 mm.
    Varieties/Types Chinese Eggplant, Chinese Round Mauve Eggplant, Indian Eggplant & Indian Paint Eggplant, Sicilian Eggplant,  African Garden Eggs,  Thai Eggplant, Japanese Eggplant, Pingtung Long Eggplant, White Eggplant, Pea Eggplant, Italian Eggplant, Black Beauty Eggplant, Pusa Purple Long, Arka Navneet, Pusa Barsati, Manjri Gota, Arka Kusmukar, Vaishali, Arka Sheel, Pusa Ankur, Pusa Kranti, Pusa Purple Cluster
    Major Nutrition Manganese, Mn 0.19 mg (8.26%)
    Copper, Cu 0.066 mg (7.33%)
    Total dietary Fiber 2.5 g (6.58%)
    Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine) 0.069 mg (5.31%)
    Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic acid) 0.23 mg (4.60%)
    Vitamin B9 (Folate) 18 µg (4.50%)
    Potassium, K 188 mg (4.00%)
    Carbohydrate 4.82 g (3.71%)
    Vitamin B3 (Niacin) 0.532 mg (3.33%)
    Phosphorus, P 20 mg (2.86%)
    Health Benefits
    • Good for Diabetics
    • Controls high blood pressure and Cholestrol
    • Birth defect prevention
    • Bone health
    • Weight loss
    • Digestion
    • Anemia
    Calories in 1cup (82 gm) 20 Kcal
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