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    Home»Onion – Allium cepa Facts

    Onion – Allium cepa Facts

    Onions are vegetables that belong to the lily family of plants. It is grown for its edible bulb, which most often serves to flavor a variety of foods. Onions are categorized as being either green or dry onions. The amazing onion provides layers of flavor, color, and texture to a wide variety of dishes and cuisines. It has also been used in traditional medicines since ancient times for its health promoting and curative properties. Onion grows in temperate regions, on the sandy and well drained soils. Besides high nutritional value, onion beneficially affects human health.

    Name Onion
    Scientific Name Allium cepa
    Native Central Asia
    Common/English Name Bombay Onion, Brown Onion, Bulb Onion, Common Onion, Onion
    Name in Other Languages German : Bolle
    Albanian : Qepë
    India : Piyaj
    Arabic : Bassal
    Azerbaijani : Sogan
    Nepal : Pyaz (Nepali), Chāp (Newar)
    Basque : Kipula
    French Haiti : Zonyon ( Creole )
    Bosnian : Crni Luk
    Catalan : Ceba
    Dutch : Ajuin
    Turkmen : Sogan
    Estonian : Sibul
    Finnish : Punasipuli
    Icelandic : Höfuđlaukur
    Macedonian : Kokar
    Italian : Cipolla
    Slovenia : Čebula
    Bulgarian : Luk
    Tibetan : Tsōn
    Chechen : Xox
    French : Oignon
    Gaelic ( Irish ): Oinniún
    Czech : Cibule
    Portuguese : Ceba
    Korean : Dungulpha
    Breton : Ognon
    Thai : Hom Farang
    Japanese : Tamanegi
    Turkish : Soğan
    Welsh : Nionyn
    Galician : Cebola
    Afrikaans : Ui
    Lithuanian : Valgomasis Svoqūnas
    Brunei : Bawang
    Majorcan : Ceba
    Belarusian : Tsabulji Zepchatyi
    Serbian : Arpadžik
    Philippines : Sibuyas ( Bikol )
    Uzbek : Piyoz
    Khmer : Khtüm Barang
    Persian : Piyaaz
    Swedish : Lök
    Kurdish : Pyāz
    Zulu : U-Anyanisi
    Greek : Kremmy Di To Koino
    Hungarian : Hagyma
    Indonesia : Bawang Bombaj
    Spanish : Ajo Porro
    Amharic : Gäyy Šenkurt
    Russian : Luk Repčatyj
    Hebrew : Bazal
    Swahili : Kitunguu
    Yiddish : Tsibehleh
    Burmese : Kyet-Thun
    Slovak : Cibul’a Kychyňská
    Norwegian : Kepalřk Kepaløk
    Sri Lanka : Luku Loonu ( Sinahla )
    Chinese : Chhang-Thâu
    Sorbian : Cybula
    Vietnamese : Cu Hành
    Papua New Guinea : Anian
    Ukrainian : Cibulja
    Romanian : Ceapă Ceaclama
    Kashmiri : Prān
    Laotian : Bwàx Fàlangx
    Croatian : Crni Luk
    Georgian : Khakhvi
    Latvian : Sīpols
    Armenian : Soch
    Malaysia : Bawang
    Gaelic ( Scottish ): Uinnean
    Danish : Kepa-Løg
    Niuean : Aniani
    Polish : Cebula
    Somali : Basal
    Tajik : Piëz
    Plant Growth Habit Biennial herb
    Growing Climate Cool season vegetable
    Soil Well drained, fertile soil rich in organic matter
    Plant Size 15 to 45 cm (6 to 18 in)
    Root Adventitious, fibrous roots
    Leaf Yellowish-green and grow alternately in a flattened, fan-shaped swathe. They are fleshy, hollow, and cylindrical, with one flattened side.
    Flower Globular umbel of white flowers with parts in sixes.
    Fruit Shape & Size Depressed globose, ovoid or elongate, varying in size from cultivar to cultivar, 5–8 × 3–10 cm.
    Fruit Color Yellowish brown, orangey brown, purplish, red, greyish white or white forming the protective coat
    Flavor/Aroma Sharp, pungent smell
    Seed Glossy black and triangular in cross section.
    Varieties/Types Snow White Hybrid Onion, White Granex Onion, Bianca Onion, Gladalan White Onion, White Spanish Onion, Mild Onions, Candy Hybrid Onion, Walla Walla Sweet Onion, Granex Yellow Hybrid Onion, Texas Super sweet Onion, Sweet and Early Hybrid Onion, Yellow Ebenezer Onion, Savannah Sweet Onion, Sweet Spanish Hybrid Onion, Texas Grano Onion, Giant Red Hamburger Onion, Salad Red Onion, Red Delicious Onion, Redshine Onion, Redwing Onion,  Red Emperor Onion, Evergreen Long White Onion,Parade Onion, White Lisbon Onion, Creamgold Onion, Murray Brown Onion, Baby Onion, Pearl Onion, Bermuda Onion, Egyptian Onion, Fresh Onion, Maui Onion, Scallion onion, Shallot onion, Spanish Onion, Sweet Onion, Vidalia Onion, Cipollini Onion, Yellow Multiplier Onion, Gurney’s Sweet Mesquite Hybrid Onion
    Season Mid-May to mid-June.
    Major Nutrition Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine) 0.192 mg (14.77%)
    Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid) 11.8 mg (13.11%)
    Carbohydrate 14.94 g (11.49%)
    Manganese, Mn 0.206 mg (8.96%)
    Vitamin B9 (Folate) 30 µg (7.50%)
    Total dietary Fiber 2.7 g (7.11%)
    Copper, Cu 0.062 mg (6.89%)
    Phosphorus, P 46 mg (6.57%)
    Vitamin B1 (Thiamin) 0.074 mg (6.17%)
    Threonine 0.034 g (5.00%)
    Health Benefits
    • Cancer Prevention
    • Treatment of Anemia
    • Good Oral Health
    • Relieving Earache
    • Treating Urinary Disorders
    • Anti-Microbial Effects
    • Relieves Stomach Aches
    • Boosts Sexual Drive
    • Treatment for Heart Ailments
    • Blood Sugar Regulation
    • Immune System Strength
    • Treatment for Cough
    • Bone Health
    • Used as Insect Repellent
    • Glowing Skin
    Calories in 1cup (100gm) 64 Kcal

    Onion (Allium cepa) Scientific Classification

    Scientific name Allium cepa
    Kingdom Plantae
    Subkingdom Tracheobionta
    Order Liliales
    Family Liliaceae
    Genus Allium L.
    Species Allium cepa L.
    Super division Spermatophyta
    Division Magnoliophyta
    Class Liliopsida
    Sub Class Liliidae
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