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    Home»Sweet Chestnuts Facts

    Sweet Chestnuts Facts

    Sweet Chestnut is a native of the Mediterranean and first introduced and grown in the UK  by the Romans , who used the fruits to make a porridge, called pollenta in Latin, which  is still consumed but only in the poorer regions of southern Europe.  It grows well on light and acidic soils and hates chalky, heavy soiled environments but is also a drought resistant tree. Sweet chestnuts are a major food crop in regions where they are grown and are usually not eaten raw but used baked, boiled, roasted or in confectionary.  Chestnuts have also been used to make flour and for animal feed. Compared to other nuts chestnuts are low in protein and especially low in fat.

    Name Sweet chestnut
    Scientific Name Castanea sativa
    Native Native to the Mediterranean in south-eastern Europe to Caucasus in Asia Minor.
    Common/English Name Chestnut, Chestnut Tree, Edible Chestnut, European Chestnut, Italian Chestnut, Marron, Portuguese Chestnut, Spanish Chestnut, Sweet Chestnut.
    Name in Other Languages Vietnamese : Cây Hạt Dẻ
    Malaysia : Buah Berangan
    Afrikaans : Kastaiing
    Romanian : Castan
    Hungarian : Édes Gesztenye
    Portuguese : Castanheiro-Comum
    Bulgarian : Kecteh
    Russian : Kashtan Nastoiashchii
    Croatian : Kestenjaste Boje
    Finnish : Aito Kastanja
    Czech : Kaštanovník Jedlý
    French : Châtaigne
    Latvian : Kastanis
    Serbian : Kesten
    German : Cheschtene
    Brazil : Castanha Européia
    Greek : Kastania
    Slovašcina : Evropski
    Icelandic : Kastaníuhneta
    Slovencina : Gaštan Jedlý
    Norwegian : Edelkastanje
    Dutch : EuropeseKastanje
    Turkish : Kestane Ağacı
    Chinese : Ou Zhou Li
    Italian : Castagno
    Spanish : Castaña
    Japanese : Yooroppa Guri
    Danish : Ægte Kastanie
    Swedish : Äkta Kastanj
    Lithuanian : Kaštonas
    Polish : Kasztan Jadalny
    Eastonian : Harilik Kastanipuu
    Indonesia : Berangan
    Plant Growth Habit Medium to large, deciduous tree
    Growing Climate Mild cool climate Mediterranean or sub-temperate climate with good annual rainfall and adequate moisture
    Soil Deep well-drained, fertile, sandy or loamy soils. It is highly tolerant of acidic soils, gravelly or stony soils but intolerant of calcareous soils, heavy clays and impermeable soils.
    Plant Size 20–35 m (66–115 ft) tall
    Lifespan About 700 years
    Root Deep root system
    Trunk Often 2 m (7 ft.) in diameter.
    Bark Grey-purple and smooth, which develops vertical fissures with age
    Branchlets Tomentose
    Leaf Elliptic to ovate-lanceolate, 14–28 cm long and  5–9 cm wide with 11–14 pairs of nerves more prominent on the under surface, The edge of the leaf is serrated bit like teeth on a saw, acuminate tip, oblique base, coriaceous, glabrous, pale green and puberulous on the under surfaces. The leaves when mature have a dark green color. Young leaves may have hairs on the lower surface.
    Flower Flowers of both sexes are borne in 10–20 cm (4–8 in) long, upright catkins, the male flowers in the upper part and female flowers in the lower part. Male catkins are long and yellow and look a bit like hairy, golden caterpillars. Trees flower relatively late – June/July. Female flowers are green rosettes. Later in the year, a prickly, leathery casing forms containing the nuts.
    Fruit 1.3–2.5 cm in diameter, with each spiny cupule or burr consisting of 1–4 nuts.
    Nuts Shape & Size 2-3 shiny, roughly triangular nuts with a distinctive tuft on the end
    Nuts Color Brown to reddish-brown
    Major Nutrition Copper, Cu 0.418 mg (46.44%)
    Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid) 40.2 mg (44.67%)
    Carbohydrate 44.17 g (33.98%)
    Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine) 0.352 mg (27.08%)
    Manganese, Mn 0.336 mg (14.61%)
    Vitamin B9 (Folate) 58 µg (14.50%)
    Vitamin B1 (Thiamin) 0.144 mg (12.00%)
    Iron, Fe 0.94 mg (11.75%)
    Potassium, K 484 mg (10.30%)
    Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic acid) 0.476 mg (9.52%)
    Health Benefits
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    • Aids Digestion
    • Alleviates Stones
    • Astringent Properties
    Calories in (100 gm) 196 K cal
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