Health Benefits
    Facebook Twitter Instagram
    Trending
    • Health benefits of African apricot
    • Health benefits of Tumbleweed
    • Health benefits of Himalayan Blue Poppy
    • Health benefits of Locust berry
    • Health benefits of Nile Tulip
    • Health benefits of Dittany of Crete
    • Health benefits of Prickly Caterpillar Plant
    • Health benefits of Thyme-leaved savory
    Health Benefits
    Health Benefits
    Home»Fruits»Facts about Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas)
    Fruits

    Facts about Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas)

    By SylviaJuly 16, 2020Updated:July 17, 2020No Comments11 Mins Read
    Facebook Twitter Pinterest LinkedIn Tumblr Email

    Cornelian cherry Quick Facts
    Name: Cornelian cherry
    Scientific Name: Cornus mas
    Origin South western regions of Asia and southern Europe
    Colors Green when young turning to bright cherry red
    Shapes Spherical or elliptical, drupe, with an average length of 1.5–2 cm long and 1.5 cm in diameter
    Taste Tart sweet, sour and in some cases sweet-pineapple
    Health benefits Good for bowel complaints, fevers, dysentery, diarrhea, kidneys, hypertension, common cold, flu and cholera
    Cornus mas, the Cornelian cherry or Cornelian cherry dogwood, is a species of flowering plant in the dogwood family Cornaceae. There are nearly 50 species of cornelian cherry in the world. Apart from the cornelian cherry, the most popular include: alternate-leaved dogwood, flowering dogwood, kousa dogwood, wedding cake tree and Japanese cornelian cherry. The plant is native to south western regions of Asia and southern Europe. In Asia, it is found growing in Azerbaijan, Armenia, Iran, Israel, Georgia, Syria, Lebanon and Turkey. Common dogwood, Cornelian cherry, Male dogwood, Cornejo macho, Sorbet, Cornelian Cherry Dogwood, dogwood, European cornel and Cornel cherry are some of the popular common names of the plant.

    Genus name comes from the Latin word cornu meaning horn in probable reference to the strength and density of the wood. Cornus is also the Latin name for cornelian cherry. Specific epithet comes from the Latin word for male in reference to the absence of fruits that sometimes occurs for several years after new plants begin to bloom. Common name refers to the cherry-like fruits which resemble in color the semi-precious gemstone carnelian (or cornelian).

    Cornelian Cherry Facts

    Name Cornelian cherry
    Scientific Name Cornus mas
    Native South western regions of Asia and southern Europe
    Common Names Common dogwood, Cornelian cherry, Male dogwood, Cornejo macho, Sorbet, Cornelian Cherry Dogwood, dogwood, European cornel, Cornel cherry
    Name in Other Languages Abkhazian: Абгыӡыр
    Albanian: Thana, thane
    Arabic: qaraniaan ‘uwrubiya (قرانيا أوروبية)
    Armenian: Chapki arakan (Ճապկի արական)
    Azerbaijani: Adi zoğal
    Basque: Zuhandor ar
    Bavarian: Diandling, Gäiwn Hartriegl, Koanelkiaschn
    Belarusian: Kizil zvyčajny (Кізіл звычайны)
    Bokmal: Vårkornell
    Bulgarian: Obiknoven dryan (Обикновен дрян)
    Cantonese: zhū yú (茱萸)
    Catalan: Corneller mascle
    Chechen: Stov (Стов)
    Chinese: Dà guǒ shānzhūyú (大果山茱萸)
    Croatian: Drenjine, Drijen, Drijenak, drin jarni, svida drin, svída dřín
    Czech: Dřín jarní, dřín obecný
    Danish:  Kirsebær-Kornel, Kornelkirsebær
    Dutch:  Gele Kornoelje
    English:  Common dogwood, Cornelian cherry, Male dogwood, Cornejo macho, Sorbet, Cornelian Cherry Dogwood, dogwood, European cornel, Cornel cherry
    Esperanto: Karneca kornuso
    Finnish: Punamarjakanukka
    French:  Cornouiller male, Cornouiller sauvage, Cornouille, aournier, bois de fer, cormier, cornier, cornier sauvage, corniolay, cornouiller des bois, cornouiller des haies, courgelier, fusilier, savignon
    Georgian: Shvindi (შვინდი),chveulebrivi shindi (ჩვეულებრივი შინდი)
    German:  Dirndl Strauch, Herlitze, Dürlitze, Gelber Hartriegel, Hirlnuss, Kornelle, Kornelkirsche, Tierlibaum, Gelber Hornstrauch, Dirlitz, Dirndlbaum, Gelbhartriegel,
    Greek: Krána (Κράνα)
    Hungarian: Húsos som
    Irish: Coirnéilean
    Italian:  Corniolo, Cornolaro, corniolo maschio, crognolo
    Japanese:  Se iyousanshuyu (セ イヨウサンシュユ),  Seiyou sanjuu
    Lak: Junav (Жунав)
    Lombard: Cornàl
    Lithuanian: Geltonoji sedula, Geltonžiedė sedula
    Macedonian: Dren (Дрен), običen dren (обичен дрен)
    Manx: Billey cornel
    Norwegian: Bærkornell, vårkornell
    Occitan: Cournié
    Persian:   زغال اخته,    
    Pichard: Cornilho
    Polish:  Dereń jadalny, Dereń właściwy
    Portuguese: Cornelian cereja, corniso, cornizo
    Romanian: Corn
    Russian: Kizil mužskoj (Кизил мужской), Kizil obyknovennyy (Кизил обыкновенный),  Doren muzhskoy (Дёрен мужской), Kizil muzhskoy (Кизил мужской)
    Serbian:  Dren (Дрен), Drenjina (Дрењина)
    Serbo Croatian: Dren, Drijen, Drijenak
    Shambala: Dren, Drijen, Drijenak
    Slovak: Drieň obyčajný
    Slovenian: Rumeni dren
    Spanish:  Cornejo común, Cornejo macho, Corno Europeo, cornejo, cornizo, cuerno
    Swedish:  Körsbärskornell
    Turkish:  Kızılcık, Ergen, Ergençiçeği, Kiren,
    Upper Sorbian: Drijenak
    Ukrainian:  Deren spravzhniy (Дерен справжній), Kyzyl spravzhniy (Кизил справжній), Kyzyl (Кизил), Kizil (Кизиль)
    Venetian: Cornolaro, Cornołaro
    Welsh: Cwyrosyn y ceirios
    Plant Growth Habit Medium to large, slow-growing, deciduous, multi steamed shrub or small tree
    Growing Climates Woodlands, especially in calcareous soils, undergrowth in light, mainly oak and hornbeam forests, also at forest edges and in shrubby thickets on slopes
    Soil Easily grown in average, medium, well-drained soil in full sun to part shade. Prefers moist, organically rich soils
    Plant Size 20-25 ft. ( 6-8m) high, spreading to 15 ft. (4.5 m) and short bole is usually up to 25cm in diameter, occasionally to 45cm
    Crown Regular, bushy, hemispherical, and may expand more horizontally up to 5m
    Bark Grey-brownish, peeling off in scaly flakes like crocodile skin
    Trunk Straight, sometimes with sinuous or multiple stems, the branches ends often drooping
    Twigs Slender, glabrous, purplish red and green, turn brown the second year, pith white, leaf buds slender and pointed, flower buds much larger and round
    Shoot The young shoots are hairy grey-greenish, becoming hairless later
    Leaf Arranged opposite to one another with a short stalk and measure about 4 cm to 10 cm in length and 2 cm to 4 cm in width. The shape of the leaves vary from ovate to oblong
    Flowering season February to March
    Flower Small hermaphrodite yellow flowers measuring about 5 mm to 10 mm in diameter. Each flower has four small yellow petals. These flowers appear in clusters of 10 to 25 flowers
    Fruit Shape & Size Spherical or elliptical, drupe, with an average length of 1.5–2 cm long and 1.5 cm in diameter and a weight of 1.6–2.6 g, containing a single seed
    Fruit Color Green when young turning to bright cherry red as they matures
    Fruit Weight Ranges from 2.09 to 9.17 g, depending on the plant genotype and cultivation conditions
    Plant Parts Used Fruit, bark, roots
    Taste Tart sweet, sour and in some cases sweet-pineapple
    Season September to October
    Precautions
    • Excess use may cause skin irritation.

    Plant Description

    Cornelian cherry is a light-demanding and medium to large, slow-growing, and deciduous, multi steamed shrub or small tree that normally grows about 20-25 ft. (6-8m) tall and spread up to 15 ft. (4.5 m) wide and short bole is usually up to 25 cm in diameter, occasionally to 45 cm. The crown is regular, bushy, hemispherical, and may expand more horizontally up to 5 m. The trunk is straight, sometimes with sinuous or multiple stems, the branches ends often drooping. The bark is grey-brownish, peeling off in scaly flakes like crocodile skin. The young shoots are hairy grey-greenish, becoming hair less lately. The plant is found growing in woodlands, especially in calcareous soils, undergrowth in light, mainly oak and hornbeam forests, also at forest edges and in shrubby thickets on slopes. The plant can be easily grown in average, medium, well-drained soil in full sun to part shade and normally prefers moist, organically rich soils. It also a long living tree, surviving up to 300 years.

    Leaves

    The plant bears deep brown branches, while the twigs are greenish. The leaves are arranged opposite to one another with a short stalk and measure about 4 cm to 10 cm in length and 2 cm to 4 cm in width. The shape of the leaves vary from ovate to oblong with an entire margin that is shortly acuminate and supplied with visible parallel veins. Leaves are dark green above and lighter below. They turn to mahogany red in autumn.

    Leaf arrangement Opposite/sub opposite
    Leaf type Simple
    Leaf margin Entire
    Leaf shape Ovate
    Leaf venation Pinnate, bowed
    Leaf type and persistence Deciduous
    Leaf blade length 2 to 4 inches
    Leaf color Green
    Fall color Red
    Fall characteristic Showy

     

    Flowers

    Cornelian cherry trees bear small hermaphrodite yellow flowers measuring about 5 mm to 10 mm in diameter. Each flower has four small yellow petals. These flowers appear in clusters of 10 to 25 flowers towards the end of winter sometime between February and March, much before the leaves of the new growth season appear.

    Flower color Yellow
    Flower Characteristics Showy

     

     Fruits

    Fertile flowers are followed by spherical or elliptical, drupe, with an average length of 1.5–2 cm long and 1.5 cm in diameter and a weight of 1.6–2.6 g with a smooth and shiny rind and containing a single seed. The fruit is edible when it falls and is spread by animals. Fruits are edible, although sour tasting fresh off the plant. Fruits may be used for making syrups and preserves.

    Fruit Shape Oval
    Fruit Length 0.5 to 1 inch
    Fruit covering Fleshy
    Fruit Color Red, yellow
    Fruit characteristics Attracts birds, showy, fruit/leaves a litter problem

     

    Cornus mas Image Gallery
    Bark-of-Cornus-mas Bark-of-Cornus-mas
    Closer-view-of-Flowers-of-Cornus-mas Closer-view-of-Flowers-of-Cornus-mas
    Cornus-mas-Plant Cornus-mas-Plant
    Cross-section-of-Cornus-mas-seed Cross-section-of-Cornus-mas-seed
    Developing-fruits-of-Cornus-mas Developing-fruits-of-Cornus-mas
    Dried-Cornus-mas Dried-Cornus-mas
    Flowering-buds-of-Cornus-mas Flowering-buds-of-Cornus-mas
    Flowers-of-Cornus-mas Flowers-of-Cornus-mas
    Fruit-and-its-seed-of-Cornus-mas Fruit-and-its-seed-of-Cornus-mas
    Fruiting-branches-of-Cornus-mas Fruiting-branches-of-Cornus-mas
    Leaf-buds-of-Cornus-mas Leaf-buds-of-Cornus-mas
    Leaves-of-Cornus-mas Leaves-of-Cornus-mas
    Plant-Illustration-of-Cornus-mas Plant-Illustration-of-Cornus-mas
    Ripe-fruits-of-Cornus-mas Ripe-fruits-of-Cornus-mas
    Seeds-of-Cornus-mas Seeds-of-Cornus-mas
    Sketch-of-Cornelian-cherry Sketch-of-Cornelian-cherry
    Trunk-of-Cornus-mas Trunk-of-Cornus-mas
    Unripe-fruits-of-Cornus-mas Unripe-fruits-of-Cornus-mas

    Distribution

    Cornelian cherry is native of the temperate zones of Eurasia, with a Pontic and Mediterranean distribution. It occurs from central and southern Europe (Pyrenees, France, Italy and Balkan Peninsula) to Asia Minor (Turkey, Caucasus). Though, it can also be commonly found all over Europe outside its natural range, as it has been exported for centuries first as a fruit and medicinal plant, then as an ornamental shrub, and is now naturalized in some countries. Though its natural northern limits are Belgium and Germany, it has been planted in colder regions: e.g. in Oslo, Corneli-cherry trees in parks and gardens ripen every year. It has also been exported to North America as a landscape ornamental, and to China as an ornamental tree and for medical uses.

    Traditional uses and benefits of Cornelian cherry

    • Bark and the fruit are astringent, febrifuge and nutritive.
    • Astringent fruit is a good treatment for bowel complaints and fevers, whilst it is also used in the treatment of cholera.
    • Flowers are used in the treatment of diarrhea.
    • It has traditionally been used for curing diarrhea and dysentery.
    • Consumption of these berries and therapeutic formulations made from them helps speedy recovery from numerous ailments and restore to normal health after the illnesses.
    • Drinking the juice extracted from cornelian cherry berry can also promote recovery after a bout of severe diarrhea.
    • Consuming these berries on a regular basis helps to boost the functioning of liver by exercising a potent hepato protective action.
    • Eating cornelian cherry also promotes the functioning of the kidneys.
    • Consumption of this fruit helps to promote urine production, thus supporting the normal functioning of the kidneys.
    • Cornelian cherry also aids in lowering high blood pressure and is beneficial for people suffering from hypertension.
    • This berry-like fruit also encourages detoxification of the entire body.
    • It is perfect for preventing common cold and flu, as it consists of high levels of vitamin C.
    • Fruits are used for treating a variety of health conditions, including fever and various complaints related to the bowel.
    • These fruits are also used for treating cholera.
    • Consumption of these cherries also helps to relieve the mucous membranes in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, clear the body of infections and also restore our health.
    • Small amount of edible oil can be extracted from the seeds.
    • Seeds are roasted, ground into a powder and used as a coffee substitute.

    Culinary Uses

    • Fruit can be consumed raw, dried or used in preserves.
    • Fully ripe fruit has a somewhat plum-like flavor and texture and is very nice eating, but the unripe fruit is rather astringent.
    • It is rather low in pectin and so needs to be used with other fruit when making jam.
    • At one time the fruit was kept in brine and used like olives.
    • Small amount of edible oil can be extracted from the seeds.
    • Seeds are roasted, ground into a powder and used as a coffee substitute.
    • In Azerbaijan and Armenia, the fruit is used for distilling vodka, in Austria and German Alps is used for distilling Dirndlbrand.
    • In Albania and Bosnia and Herzegovina it is distilled into Rakia.
    • In Turkey and Iran, it is consumed with salt as a snack in summer, and traditionally drunk in a cold drink called kızılcık şerbeti.
    • Cornus mas is also a traditional component of liquors, jams, comfitures and other fruit-based products
    • The leaves can be used as a tea substitute.

    Other facts

    • Oil is obtained from the seed.
    • A dye is obtained from the bark.
    • The leaves are a good source of tannin.
    • Wood is very hard; it is highly valued by turners.
    • It is used for tools, machine parts, etc.
    • Cornus mas was used from the seventh century BC onward by Greek craftsmen to construct spears, javelins and bows, the craftsmen considering it far superior to any other wood.
    • Wood has been famously associated with weaponry.
    • Bark of cornelian cherry trees was used to make a red dye, which is used to make fezzes.
    • During full fruit bearing, 20–80 kg of fruits can be picked from one tree.
    • The thin trunks make excellent walking sticks and canes.

    References:

    https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=565094#null

    https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?id=11563

    https://pfaf.org/user/plant.aspx?latinname=Cornus+mas

    https://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?kempercode=c290

    http://www.floracatalana.net/cornus-mas-l-

    https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=COMA21

    https://landscapeplants.oregonstate.edu/plants/cornus-mas

    https://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/31669/#b

    https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/st193

    http://dendro.cnre.vt.edu/dendrology/syllabus/factsheet.cfm?ID=280

    https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q158642

    https://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=271532&isprofile=0&

    http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-47432

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornus_mas

    https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/CRWMS

    https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/16302

    78%
    78%
    Awesome

    Comments

    comments

    C Fruits
    Share. Facebook Twitter Pinterest LinkedIn Tumblr Email
    Previous Article4 Annoying Things Doctors Deal With Every Day
    Next Article The Complete Guide to Getting Rid of Diastasis Recti

    Related Posts

    Health benefits of African apricot

    December 4, 2023

    Health benefits of Locust berry

    November 28, 2023

    Health benefits of Wild Kumquat

    September 19, 2023

    Comments are closed.

    Cornelian cherry Scientific Classification

    Scientific Name: Cornus mas

    Rank Scientific Name & (Common Name)
    Kingdom Plantae (Plants)
    Subkingdom Tracheobionta (Vascular plants)
    Infrakingdom Streptophyta  (land plants)
    Super Division Spermatophyta (Seed plants)
    Division Magnoliophyta (Flowering plants)
    Sub Division Spermatophytina  (spermatophytes, seed plants, phanérogames)
    Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledons)
    Sub Class Rosidae
    Super Order Asteranae
    Order Cornales
    Family Cornaceae (Dogwood family)
    Genus Cornus L. (dogwood)
    Species Cornus mas L. (Cornelian cherry)
    Synonyms
    • Cornus erythrocarpa St.-Lag.
    • Cornus flava Steud.
    • Cornus flava infrasubsp. publ
    • Cornus homerica Bubani
    • Cornus mas f. alba (Weston) Rehder
    • Cornus mas f. albocarpa C.K.Schneid.
    • Cornus mas f. andrzejowskii Wierdak
    • Cornus mas f. aurea C.K.Schneid.
    • Cornus mas f. aurea-elegantissima (T.Moore) Schelle
    • Cornus mas f. conica Jovan.
    • Cornus mas f. elegantissima G.Nicholson
    • Cornus mas f. flava (Weston) Rehder
    • Cornus mas f. luteocarpa C.K.Schneid.
    • Cornus mas f. luteocarpa C.K.Schneid. ex Wangerin
    • Cornus mas f. macrocarpa Dippel
    • Cornus mas f. microcarpa Sanadze
    • Cornus mas f. nana (Carrière) C.K.Schneid.
    • Cornus mas f. oxycarpa Jovan.
    • Cornus mas f. polonica Wierdak
    • Cornus mas f. pyriformis Sanadze
    • Cornus mas f. variegata (Loudon) G.Nicholson
    • Cornus mas var. alba Weston
    • Cornus mas var. albocarpa (C.K.Schneid.) Bean
    • Cornus mas var. aurea-elegantissima (T.Moore) Carrière
    • Cornus mas var. flava Weston
    • Cornus mas var. macrocarpa (Dippel) Schelle
    • Cornus mas var. nana Carrière
    • Cornus mas var. oblongifolia Jovan.
    • Cornus mas var. sphaerocarpa Cretz.
    • Cornus mas var. variegata Loudon
    • Cornus mas var. xanthocarpa Bean
    • Cornus mascula L.
    • Cornus mascula var. aurea-elegantissima T.Moore
    • Cornus nudiflora Dumort.
    • Cornus praecox Stokes
    • Cornus vernalis Salisb.
    • Eukrania mascula (L.) Merr.
    • Macrocarpium mas (L.) Nakai
    Categories
    • Beverages (70)
    • Dairy (28)
    • Equipment (5)
    • Essential OIls (189)
    • Facts (2,299)
    • Foods (228)
    • Fruits (411)
    • Grains and Cereals (30)
    • Health & Beauty (469)
    • Herbs and Spices (1,097)
    • Medicines (7)
    • Nutritional value (27)
    • Nuts and seeds (58)
    • Oils (80)
    • Pets (1)
    • Poultry & Seafoods (67)
    • Pulses and Beans (16)
    • Reviews (23)
    • supplement (2)
    • Vegetables (211)

    Health benefits of African apricot

    Health benefits of Tumbleweed

    Health benefits of Himalayan Blue Poppy

    Health benefits of Locust berry

    Health benefits of Nile Tulip

    Health benefits of Dittany of Crete

    ABOUT
    1 Home
    About us
    Contact us

    Policy
    Privacy Policy
    Terms & conditions
    Disclaimer
    Contact us at:
    e-mail: [email protected]
    Skype: healthbenefit55
    © 2023 www.healthbenefitstimes.com All rights reserved.

    Type above and press Enter to search. Press Esc to cancel.