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    Home»Herbs and Spices»Know about the Burning Bush
    Herbs and Spices

    Know about the Burning Bush

    By SylviaFebruary 16, 2018Updated:February 16, 2018No Comments5 Mins Read
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    Dictamnus is a genus of flowering plant in the family Rutaceae, with a single species, Dictamnus albus, which has several geographical variants. It is known variously as Burning bush, Pink Burning Bush, false dittany, white dittany, gas plant and Fraxinella. It is an herbaceous perennial, native to warm, open woodland habitats in southern Europe, North Africa and much of Asia and is grown as an ornamental in many places. Genus name comes from the Greek name for a Cretan origanum, probably named after Mount Dikte. Foliage consists of oil that causes allergic reactions (skin rash) in some individuals. In hot weather, old flowers or seed pods discharge a flammable oil which, on a windless summer evening, can be burned with a match resulting in a brief vapor burn which is harmless to the plant, hence the common name.

    Plant Description

    Burning bush is a fast-growing, herbaceous perennial shrub that grows about 61–122 cm (2–4 feet) in height. The plant easily grows in average, medium, well-drained soils. Normally it prefers evenly moist, fertile, humusy soils that do not become soggy. The plant has long, deep tap root. Numerous erect, unbranched and sticky-glandular haired shoots grow from the root. Its green stems usually have prominent, corky wings.

    Leaves

    Elegant, glossy, odd-pinnate, light green leaves are attractive throughout the growing season and release a pleasant lemony fragrance when rubbed or crushed. Foliage also contains oil that causes allergic reactions (skin rash) in some individuals. The leaves turn a brilliant purplish-red to scarlet in the fall.

    Flower and Fruit

    The flowers are terminal racemes and pink with dark veins. They are large and irregular, with 5 sepals and 5 petals. There are 2 bracteoles that are slightly zygomorphous. The 10 stamens are long, threadlike and bent forward. The ovaries have 5 carpels fused at the base on a short gynophore. Flowers give way to star-shaped seed heads which provide some ornamental interest if left on the plant. Fruit capsule bursts open into mericarps ejecting to expose four red-orange seeds.  In hot weather, old flowers or seed pods emit a flammable oil which, on a windless summer evening, can be ignited with a match resulting in a brief vapor burn which is harmless to the plant, hence the common name.

    Burning Bush Image Gallery
    Burning-Bush-Plant Burning-Bush-Plant
    Burning-bush-plant-growing-wild Burning-bush-plant-growing-wild
    Burning-Bush-tea Burning-Bush-tea

    Closer-view-of-flower Closer-view-of-flower
    Closer-view-of-the-fruit Closer-view-of-the-fruit
    Dried-Fruit-of-Burning-Bush Dried-Fruit-of-Burning-Bush

    Flowering-buds-of-Burning-Bush Flowering-buds-of-Burning-Bush
    Fruit-capsules-and-seeds-of--Burning-Bush Fruit-capsules-and-seeds-of--Burning-Bush
    Fruit-of--Burning-Bush Fruit-of--Burning-Bush

    Inflorescence-of--Burning-Bush Inflorescence-of--Burning-Bush
    Leaves-of--Burning-Bush Leaves-of--Burning-Bush
    Plant-Illustration-of--Burning-Bush Plant-Illustration-of--Burning-Bush

    Sketch-of-Burning-bush-plant Sketch-of-Burning-bush-plant
    Stem-of-Burning-Bush-plant Stem-of-Burning-Bush-plant
    White-variety-of-Burning-Bush White-variety-of-Burning-Bush

    More varieties for Gas plant

    Purple gas plant

    Dictamnus albus ‘Purpureus’ has purplish-pink flowers with dark veins and stems. As with all forms of gas plant, it is slow to establish.

    White gas plant

    Dictamnus albus ‘Albiflorus’ has white flower spikes that develop into star-shape nut-brown seed pods in fall.

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LucVEJSz3bA

    Traditional uses and benefits of Burning Bush

    • Powder is combined with that of peppermint for use in epilepsy.
    • Root bark lowers fevers and controls bacterial and fungal infections.
    • It strongly stimulates the muscles of the uterus, inducing menstruation and sometimes causing abortion.
    • They are abortifacient, anthelmintic, antispasmodic, aromatic, digestive, diuretic, emenagogue, expectorant, febrifuge, galactogogue, stimulant and tonic.
    • Plant is used both internally and externally in the treatment of skin diseases (especially scabies and eczema), German measles, arthritic pain and jaundice.
    • It is little used in Western herbalism nowadays, though it has been recommended for use in nervous complaints, intermittent fevers, scrofulous and scorbutic diseases.
    • An infusion of the leaves is used as a tea substitute and is a good digestive.
    • Homeopathic remedy is made from the fresh leaves is used in the treatment of female complaints and constipation.
    • It lowers fever and controls bacterial and fungal infections.
    • It induces Menstruation and stimulates muscles of uterus.
    • To cure kidney stones soak one tbsp rootstock of white dittany in one cup of water overnight. Take a mouthful at a time. One cup a day.
    • Root bark is a bitter, strong-smelling herb that lowers fevers and controls bacterial and fungal infections.
    • Both the flowering stems and the root-bark are used medicinally.
    • At Europe, Burning Bush Root is suggested in folk medicine for treat stomach disorders, cramps and worm infestation, and to promote menstruation.
    • Burning Bush root is used for amenorrhea and the regulation of labor in India.
    • It is used as a tonic and a stimulant in Greece.
    • Burning Bush root is used for jaundice, inflammation of the skin, rheumatic ailments, fever, and hemorrhage of the womb, thread fungus, as a sedative, tonic and for nervous crying in children.
    • It is also found in decoctions for the external treatment of eczema, impetigo and scabies.
    • It served as a urinary aid and was used in the treatment of epilepsy, in combination with mistletoe and peony.
    • At the end of the 19th century, the drug was applied as an ointment for rheumatism.

    Other Facts

    • The plant has a strong lemon or cinnamon fragrance.
    • Whole plant, when rubbed, gives out an odor like lemon-peel.
    • Burning bush has been used in Chinese herbal medicine for at least 1,500 year.
    • It is called “gas plant” because its leaves emit a volatile oil that is actually flammable!
    • Its lemon scented leaves help control mosquitos.

    Precautions

    • All parts of the plant may cause mild stomach upset if eaten, and contact with the foliage may cause photo dermatitis.
    • High doses may lead to photo toxicity.
    • Handling the plant may cause an allergic reaction.
    • Avoid if you are pregnant, it may cause abortion.

    References:

    https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=502054#null

    https://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/17/

    https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?id=13928

    http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?kempercode=c490

    http://www.floracatalana.net/dictamnus-albus-l-

    https://www.botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/b/burbus91.html

    http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl/record/kew-2766952

    https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=DIAL4

    http://www.docs.dcnr.pa.gov/cs/groups/public/documents/document/dcnr_010293.pdf

    https://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Dictamnus+albus

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dictamnus

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    Burning Bush Facts

    Burning Bush Quick Facts
    Name: Burning Bush
    Scientific Name: Dictamnus albus
    Origin Southern Europe, north Africa and much of Asia
    Shapes Fruit capsule containing four red-orange seeds
    Taste Bitter and unpalatable taste
    Health benefits Lowers fevers and controls bacterial and fungal infections, Cures scabies and eczema, german measles, arthritic pain and jaundice
    Name Burning Bush
    Scientific Name Dictamnus albus
    Native Warm, open woodland habitats in southern Europe, north Africa and much of Asia
    Common Names Burning bush, false dittany, white dittany, gas plant and Fraxinella
    Name in Other Languages Azerbaijani: Ağ alışan
    Bulgarian: Росен
    Catalan: Cabruna de llei, Lletimó
    Croatian: Jasenak (biljka)
    Czech: Třemdava bílá
    Danish: Hvid Diktam
    Dutch: Vuurwerkplant
    English: Burningbush, Dittany, Fraxinella, Gasplant, Pink Burning Bush, White Dittany
    Finnish: Mooseksenpalavapensas, Palavapensas
    French: Dictame blanc, Herbe aux éclairs, Fraxinelle blanche, Fraxinelle
    Georgian: Ipnura (იფნურა)
    German: Diptam, Gewöhnlicher Diptam, Brennender Busch, Weißer Diptam
    Hungarian: Nagyezerjófű
    Ido: Diktamo
    Italian: Dittamo
    Japanese: Hakusen (ハクセン)
    Kazakh: Küymesgül ( Күймесгүл)
    Korean: Baegseon (백선) , baegseon (sigmul) (백선 (식물)
    Occitan: Dictam, Saxifraga, Traucapèira
    Polish: Dyptam jesionolistny
    Romanian: Frăsinel
    Russian: Yasenets belyy (Ясенец белый)
    Spanish: Díctamo blanco, Fresnillo, Dictamo real, Fraxinella, Tarraguillo
    Swedish: Moses brinnande buske
    Thai: Dictamnus
    Ukrainian: Yasenetsʹ bilyy  (Ясенець білий)
    Plant Growth Habit Fast growing herbaceous perennial shrub
    Soil Easily grown in average, medium, well-drained soils. Prefers evenly moist, fertile, humusy soils that do not become soggy
    Plant Size 61–122 cm (2–4 feet) in height
    Root Long, deep tap root
    Leaf Elliptic leaves with finely serrated margins are arranged in opposite formation and turn a brilliant purplish-red to scarlet in the fall
    Flowering Periods Jun to July
    Flower Pale purple to white in color forming a spiky cluster at the tips. They are five-petaled and one inch in diameter with long stamens.
    Fruit Fruit capsule containing four red-orange seeds
    Flavor/Aroma Lemon-like smell
    Taste Bitter and unpalatable taste
    Plant Parts Used Leaves, Root, Bark
    Culinary Uses
    • An infusion of the leaves is regarded as a substitute for tea.
    • A lemon-scented tea is made from the dried leaves.

    Burning Bush Scientific Classification

    Scientific Name: Dictamnus albus

    Rank Scientific Name & (Common Name)
    Kingdom Plantae (Plants)
    Subkingdom Tracheobionta (Vascular plants)
    Infrakingdom Streptophyta  (land plants)
    Superdivision Spermatophyta (Seed plants)
    Division Magnoliophyta (Flowering plants)
    Class Magnoliopsida – (Dicotyledons)
    Subclass Rosidae
    Order Sapindales
    Family Rutaceae (Rue family)
    Genus Dictamnus L. (dictamnus)
    Species Dictamnus albus L. (gasplant)
    Synonyms
    • Dictamnus albus subsp. caucasicus (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) N.A.Winter
    • Dictamnus albus subsp. gymnostylis (Steven) N.A.Winter
    • Dictamnus albus subsp. turkestanicus N.A.Winter
    • Dictamnus albus var. bucharicus N.A.Winter
    • Dictamnus albus var. macedonicus Borbás
    • Dictamnus altaica Fisch.
    • Dictamnus altaica Fisch. ex Royle
    • Dictamnus angustifolius G.Don fil.
    • Dictamnus angustifolius G.Don fil. ex Sweet
    • Dictamnus caucasicus Fisch. & C.A.Mey., 1840
    • Dictamnus davuricus Voss
    • Dictamnus fraxinella Pers.
    • Dictamnus fraxinellus var. caucasicus Fisch. & C.A.Mey.
    • Dictamnus generalis E.H.L.Krause
    • Dictamnus gymnostylis Stev.
    • Dictamnus himalayanus Royle
    • Dictamnus himalayensis Royle
    • Dictamnus hispanicus Webb
    • Dictamnus hispanicus Webb ex Nym.
    • Dictamnus hispanicus Webb ex Willk.
    • Dictamnus macedonicus (Borbás) Pénzes
    • Dictamnus major Vilm. ex Voss
    • Dictamnus major hort.
    • Dictamnus major hort. ex Vilmorin
    • Dictamnus microphyllus Schur
    • Dictamnus obtusiflorus Koch
    • Dictamnus odorus Salisb.
    • Dictamnus sessilis Wallr.
    • Dictamnus solitarius Stokes
    • Dictamnus suffultus Wallr.
    • Dictamnus tadshikorum Vved.
    • Dictamnus turkestanicus var. bucharicus Wint
    • Fraxinella alba Gaertn.
    • Fraxinella dictamnus Moench
    • Fraxinella fulgurans Bubani, 1901
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