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    Home»Herbs and Spices»Traditional uses and benefits of Coat Button Plant
    Herbs and Spices

    Traditional uses and benefits of Coat Button Plant

    By SylviaJanuary 3, 2022Updated:January 3, 2022No Comments11 Mins Read
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    Coat Button Quick Facts
    Name: Coat Button
    Scientific Name: Tridax procumbens
    Origin Mexico, Central America and tropical South America
    Colors Dark brown to black
    Shapes Hard achene narrowly obconical, and 2.0-2.5 mm long, with 15-20 patent, 0.12-0.24 inches (3-6 mm) long
    Health benefits Good for colds, inflammation, vaginitis, stomach pains, diarrhea, fever, cough, back ache, epilepsy, bronchial catarrh, ulcers, anal fistula, and hemorrhoids
    Tridax procumbens commonly known as Coat Button is a prostrate herbaceous plant, from the Asteraceae / Compositae, the sunflower family. The plant is native to Mexico, Central America (i.e. Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua) and tropical South America (i.e. Venezuela, Bolivia, Colombia and Peru) but it has been introduced to tropical, subtropical, and mild temperate regions worldwide. It is listed as a noxious weed in the United States and has pest status in nine states. Since ancient times, this species has been used in Ayurveda in India. Coat buttons, coatbuttons, Mexican daisy, tridax, tridax daisy, wild daisy, dagad-phul are some of the popular common names of the Coat Button. The plant is sometimes harvested from the wild for local use as a food and medicine.

    Coat Button Facts

    Name Coat Button
    Scientific Name Tridax procumbens
    Native Mexico, Central America (i.e. Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua) and tropical South America (i.e. Venezuela, Bolivia, Colombia and Peru)
    Common Names Coat buttons, coatbuttons, Mexican daisy, tridax, tridax daisy, wild daisy, dagad-phul
    Name in Other Languages Assamese: Kurakuri bana (কুৰকুৰি বন), putali bana (পুতলী বন), tridhara (ত্রিধারা)
    Australia: Tridax daisy
    Bengali: Tridhara (ত্রিধারা), kanaiya (কানাইয়া), kanaphuli (কানফুলি), paradesi bhanara (পরদেশি ভাঙড়া), tridaksa (ত্রিদক্ষ), tridhara (ত্রিধারা)
    Brazilin: Erva de touro
    Burmese: Mive sok ne-gya
    Central America: Hierba del toro
    Chinese: Chángbǐng jú (長柄菊), yǔ máng jú (羽芒菊), Kotobukigiku
    Colombia: Cadillo chisaca
    Cuban: Romerillo de loma, Romerillo
    Dagbani: Alepele bindi
    English: Coat-buttons, Tridax daisy, Tridax, dagad-phul, wild daisy, Mexican daisy
    Fijian: Tubua leka, tumbualeka, voti
    French: Herbe calille
    German: Niederliegender Dreibiß
    Ghana: Nantwi bini
    Gujarati: Ghaburi (ઘાબુરી), pardeshi bhangaro (પરદેશી ભાંગરો)
    Hindi: Ghamra, Khal Muriya, Tal Muriya, kanphuli (कानफुली), kumra (कुमढ़ा)
    Indonesian: Gletang, Gletangan, Sidowlo, Tar sentaran, cemondelan, glentangan, gobesan, katumpang, londotan, orang aring
    Irula: Mukuthi poo, Railpoo
    Jamaican: Bakenbox
    Japanese: Kotobukigiku (コトブキギク)
    Javanese: Songgolangit, Sidawala
    Kachchhi: Vilati bhangaro (વિલાતી ભંગરો)
    Kannada: Jayanthi, Addike soppu (ಅಡ್ಡಿಕೆಸೊಪ್ಪು) Attige soppu (ಅಟ್ಟಿಗೆ ಸೊಪ್ಪು), Gabbu sanna shaavanthi (ಗಬ್ಬು ಸಣ್ಣ ಶಾವಂತಿ), Netta gabbu shaavanthi (ನೆಟ್ಟ ಗಬ್ಬು ಶಾವಂತಿ), Teeke (ತೀಕೆ), Sanna Gida
    Madagascar: Anganiay
    Malayalam: Chiravanak, cheeravanakk (ചിരവനാക്ക്), kumminippachcha (കുമ്മിണിപ്പച്ച), kurikutticheera (കുറികൂട്ടിചീര), mukutti pu (മുകുത്തി പൂ), muriyampachchila (മുറിയമ്പച്ചില), otiyacheera (ഒടിയൻ‌ചീര), reyipuchcheti (റെയിൽ‌പൂച്ചെടി), sanipuv (സാനിപൂവ്), telukkutti (തേളുക്കുത്തി), Railpoochedi, Thelkuthi, Odiyancheera, Sanipoovu
    Malaysian: Kanching baju
    Marathi: Kambarmodi (कंबरमोडी), bandukiche phul (बंदुकीचे फूल), dagadi paala (दगडी पाला), ekdandi (एकदांडी), jakhamjudi (जखमजुडी), kambarmodi (कंबरमोडी), tantani
    Mexico: Flor amarilla
    Myanmar: Mive sok ne-gya
    Nepali: Husure jhaar (हुसुरे झार), kurakure jhaar (कुरकुरे झार), putalee jhaar (पुतली झार), ramne jhaar (रम्ने झार)
    Nigerian: Igbalobe, Muwagun, Muriyam pachila, Jayanti, Vettukaaya-thala
    Odia: ବିଶଲ୍ଯ କରଣୀ bishalya karani
    Portuguese: Erva-de-touro
    Rajasthani: Kagla ri mehndi (कागला री मेहंदी)
    Russian: Trydaks lezhachyy (тридакс лежачий)
    Sanskrit: Jayanti veda (जयन्ती वेद), kshudra sevantika (क्षुद्र सेवन्तिका)
    Santali: ᱛᱨᱤᱫᱷᱟᱨᱟ
    Spanish: Cadillo chisaca, flor amarilla, hierba del toro, panquica, rosella, mata gusano, romerillo de loma
    Swedish: Tridax
    Tamil: Vettukaaya, Puntu (வெட்டுக்காயப் பூண்டு), kinarruppacan (கிணற்றுப்பாசான்), vettukkaya-p-puntu (வெட்டுக்காயப் பூண்டு), Thata poodu, Kenathuppoondu, Seruppadithalai, Seruppadithazhai, Vettukkaaya-thalai
    Taiwan: Kotobuki-giku
    Telugu: Gaddi chemanthi (గడ్డి చామంతి)
    Thai: Tin tukkae (ตีนตุ๊กแก)
    Tulu: Nela sevanthige (ನೆಲ ಸೆವಂತಿಗೆ)
    Urdu: Zagh mai hayat
    USA: Tridax daisy
    Vietnamese: Cúc mui
    Plant Growth Habit Semi-prostrate, spreading, herbaceous,  perennial, procumbent annual herb
    Growing Climates Found in annual crops, roadsides, pastures, fallow land, meadows, waste grounds,  railways,  riverbanks, dikes and dunes and occasionally in lawns, perennial crops and nurseries
    Plant Size 8-30 inches (20-75 cm) long
    Root Strong taproot
    Stem Cylindrical, solid and highly hispid, covered with multicellular hairs of 1 mm, tuberculate at the base
    Leaf Opposite, simple, fleshy, pubescent, and carried by a concave petiole, 0.8-2.5 cm long. Leaf blades are thick, soft and dark green. The lamina is oval to lanceolate, 2.5 to 6 cm long and 2 to 5 cm wide, base attenuate in corner and with strongly and irregularly serrated margin
    Flowering season May to December
    Flower The flower is tubular, yellow centered white or yellow flowers with three-toothed ray florets. They are about 0.4-0.6 inches (1-1.5 cm) wide, and held on a 4-12 inches (10-30 cm) long stalk.
    Fruit Shape & Size Hard achene, narrowly obconical, and 2.0-2.5 mm long, with 15-20 patent, 0.12-0.24 inches (3-6 mm) long, rather stiff, feathered, unequal bristles and having a feathery, plume like white pappus at one end.
    Fruit Color Dark brown to black,
    Seed Numerous, small with tuft of silky hairs on one side for wind dispersal.
    Plant Parts Used Whole plant, Leaves, stems, flowers
    Propagation By seed
    Culinary Uses
    • The leaves of Bakenbox are edible and they are cooked and eaten as a vegetable.
    • The leaves are also used as feed for poultry.
    Precautions
    • This plant should be handled carefully since it may sometimes cause skin irritation.

    Plant Description

    Coat Button is a semi-prostrate, spreading, herbaceous, perennial, procumbent annual herb that normally grows about 8-30 inches (20-75 cm) tall. Stem is cylindrical, solid and highly hispid, covered with multicellular hairs of 1 mm, tuberculate at the base. Hairs are more scattered towards the base and attenuated towards the top. The stems produce new roots at the leaf nodes.  The plant has strong taproot. The plant is found growing in found in annual crops, roadsides, pastures, fallow land, meadows, waste grounds, railways, riverbanks, dikes and dunes and occasionally in lawns, perennial crops and nurseries.

    Leaves

    Leaves are opposite, simple, fleshy, pubescent, and carried by a concave petiole, 0.8-2.5 cm long. Leaf blades are thick, soft and dark green. The lamina is oval to lanceolate, 2.5 to 6 cm long and 2 to 5 cm wide, base attenuate in corner and with strongly and irregularly serrated margin. Both sides are hispid, with tuberculate based bristles. Pubescence is most abundant on the underside. 2-3 lateral veins are present on each side of the midrib.

    Flowers

    At the end of the long stems, is a capitulum inflorescence, comprising at the periphery of 4 to 7 spreading flowers. Flower looks like daisy .The flower is tubular, yellow centered white or yellow flowers with three-toothed ray florets. They are about 0.4-0.6 inches (1-1.5 cm) wide, and held on a 4-12 inches (10-30 cm) long stalk. It has two types of flower: ray florets and disc florets with basal palcentation. Sometimes the flowers are 3 lobed with long, penduncled heads. Flowering and fruiting occurs throughout the year, but from May to December is the time that it is fully in bloom.

    Coat-Button-plant Coat-Button-plant
    Closer-view-of-flower-of-Coat-Button Closer-view-of-flower-of-Coat-Button
    Leaves-of-Coat-Button Leaves-of-Coat-Button
    Flowering-bud-of-Coat-Button Flowering-bud-of-Coat-Button
    Coat-Button-plant-growing-wild Coat-Button-plant-growing-wild
    Flower-of-Coat-Button Flower-of-Coat-Button
    Plant-Illustration-of-Coat-Button Plant-Illustration-of-Coat-Button
    Sketch-of-Coat-Button Sketch-of-Coat-Button
    Ripe-fruit-of-Coat-Button Ripe-fruit-of-Coat-Button
    Coat Button Image Gallery

    Fruit

    Fertile flowers are followed hard achene dark brown to black, narrowly obconical, and 2.0-2.5 mm long, with 15-20 patent, 0.12-0.24 inches (3-6 mm) long, rather stiff, feathered, unequal bristles and having a feathery, plume like white pappus at one end. Calyx is represented by scales or reduced to pappus.

    Microscopy of Coat Button

    Part of Plant Morphology Observation
     

     

     

     

     

    Leaf

    Color Green
    Odor Characteristics
    Taste Acrid
    Size 3-7 cm long and 1-5 cm wide
    Shape Lanceolate to ovate
    Texture Short
    Fracture Easy
    Apex Acute
    Margin Irregularly toothed
    Arrangement opposite
    Appearance Rough and scabrous
     

     

     

    Stem

    Color Green
    Odor Characteristic
    Taste Acrid
    Size 23-46cm
    Shape Cylindrical
    Texture Smooth
    Fracture Soft
     

     

     

    Root

    Color Brown
    Odor Characteristic
    Taste Acrid
    Size 15-32cm
    Shape Tortuous
    Texture Rough
    fracture Soft

     

    Traditional uses and plant preparation of Coat Button

    Location Preparation/extract Plant ailment uses
     

     

     

     

     

     

    Guatemala

    Leaves: juice ·         Anemia, colds, inflammation, hepato-pathies, vaginitis, stomach pain, diarrhea, mucosal inflammation, skin infections, bleeding.
    Leaves: poultice, dried infusions Stems: dried ·         Reduce inflammation, gastrointestinal and respiratory infections, high blood pressure, diabetes
    Whole plant: dried ·         Protozoal infections, treatment of chronic ulcers caused by leishmaniasis, gastrointestinal disorders
    India Leaves: dried and other herbs

    ingested orally, juice

    ·         Diabetes, insect repellent, used to treat diarrhea, and to help check for hemorrhages, as well as hair loss. Jaundice, healing of wounds, inflammation
    Africa Whole plant: blending with other

    herbs adding salt and water

    ·         Treating mastitis in livestock
     

     

     

     

     

    Africa

    Ghana ·         Decoction with Phyllanthus amarus

    ·         Aqueous extracts

    ·         Anti-malarial, antibacterial, wound-healing

    ·         Anti-plasmodial activity

    Nigeria Whole plant: dried ·         Fever, Typhoid fever, cough, back ache, stomach ache, diarrhea, epilepsy
    Benin Whole plant: dried ·         Rabbit or livestock feed
    Togo Leaves: dried ·         Dressing wounds, pain, malaria and abdominal and gastrointestinal mycosis

     

    Traditional uses and benefits of Coat Button

    • In Indian traditional medicine, it is used as anticoagulant, repellent, antidiarrheal, anti-dysenteric.
    • Leaf juice is used on fresh wounds, to stop bleeding, and as hair tonic in tonic.
    • It is used for liver disorders, arthritis, and heartburn also for hair growth in Ayurveda.
    • Local Yoruba population uses the leaves for treatment to reduce blood pressure In Nigeria.
    • Leaf juice is used for colds, inflammation, vaginitis, stomach pains and diarrhea in Guatemala.
    • Whole plant used for protozoal infections and treatment of chronic ulcers.
    • Dried whole plant is used for fever, cough, back ache, diarrhea and epilepsy in Africa.
    • Dried leaves are used for malaria, gastrointestinal mycosis, and for dressing wounds.
    • Traditionally, the plant has been in use in India for wound healing and as an anticoagulant, antifungal, and insect repellent.
    • Juice extracted from the leaves is directly applied on wounds.
    • Its leaf extracts were used for infectious skin diseases in folk medicines.
    • It is used in Ayurvedic medicine for liver disorders, hepato-protection, gastritis, and heartburn.
    • The plant is also used as treatment for boils, blisters, and cuts by local healers in parts of India.
    • The plant can be used for wound healing, staunching bleeding and treatment of diarrhea, backache and bronchial catarrh.
    • Coat buttons has been used to treat skin diseases and heal wounds, as an anticoagulant, fungicide, as a hair tonic, insect repellant and to treat diabetes.
    • It is useful in the treatment jaundice, bronchial catarrh, diarrhea, dysentery, inflammation, ulcers, anal fistula, and hemorrhoids.
    • Leaf juice can be used to cure fresh wounds, to stop bleeding.
    • Leaf extract cures liver disorders.
    • In Jamaica, it is used for fever and for the treatment of catarrh.
    • Plant is also used in the treatment of gastrointestinal and respiratory infections, high blood pressure, and diabetes.
    • The plant is also used to stop bleeding, and for liver disorders, arthritis, heartburn, and as a hair tonic to promote hair growth.
    • Leaf juice is used for colds, inflammation, vaginitis, stomach pains, and diarrhea in Guatemala.
    • Whole plant is used for protozoal infections, and for the treatment of chronic ulcers.
    • In Nigeria, the entire plant is used to treat typhoid fever, cough, fever, stomachache, backache, diarrhea, and epilepsy.
    • The leaves are antiseptic, haemostatic and parasiticide.
    • They are used as a treatment against bronchial catarrh, dysentery, and diarrhea.
    • A fine paste of the leaves is applied externally to reduce swelling of hemorrhoids and to stop bleeding.
    • The leaf sap is applied topically to sores and ulcers.
    • The juice extracted from the leaves of the plant is applied directly on the Wounds.
    • The leaf extracts are used for infectious Skin diseases.
    • A paste of leaves is used externally to reduce swelling of Hemorrhoids and stop Bleeding.
    • The leaf sap of the plant applied topically cures Sores and Ulcers.
    • It is used to treat Liver disorders, Gastritis and Heartburn.
    • It is used to treat Boils, Blisters and Cuts.
    • In Guatemala, T. procumbens is used as an antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral treatment as well as for vaginitis, stomach pain, diarrhea, mucosal inflammations, and skin infections.
    • The leaf juice is used to treat wounds and stop bleeding.
    • In Guatemala, the entire plant is used for the treatment of protozoal infections.
    • Decoction of the leaves is used against pain, to treat malaria, and against abdominal and gastrointestinal mycosis.
    • It is known as an insect repellent, used to treat diarrhea, and to help check for hemorrhages in India

    Other Facts

    • In Africa, plant is used for treating mastitis in livestock.
    • The leaf juice possesses insecticidal and parasiticidal properties.
    • Smoke produced by burning the plant is used to repel mosquitoes.
    • The leaves are used as a hair restorative.

    Prevention and control

    Cultural Control

    Coat Button does not have the great powers of regeneration possessed by some other perennial Compositae and can be easily controlled by cultivation and hand pulling.

    Chemical Control

    Herbicides reported to give control of T. procumbens include ametryne, atrazine, 2, 4-D and diuron, Avirosan (dimethametryn + piperophos) and oxadiazon in rice, bromacil, metobromuron + metolachlor in cowpea, MCPA and 2, 4-D in sisal and oxyfluorfen in groundnut.

    References:

    https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=38575#null

    http://www.hear.org/pier/species/tridax_procumbens.htm

    https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/55072

    https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/TRQPR

    http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/gcc-42420

    http://www.stuartxchange.com/CoatButtons

    http://www.flowersofindia.net/catalog/slides/Tridax%20Daisy.html

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tridax_procumbens

    https://indiabiodiversity.org/species/show/33338#brief

    http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Tridax%20procumbens

    https://plants.usda.gov/home/plantProfile?symbol=TRPR5

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    Coat Button Scientific Classification

    Scientific Name: Tridax procumbens

    Rank Scientific Name & (Common Name)
    Kingdom Plantae (Plants)
    Subkingdom Tracheobionta (Vascular plants)
    Infrakingdom Streptophyta  (land plants)
    Superdivision Spermatophyta (Seed plants)
    Division Magnoliophyta (Flowering plants)
    Sub Division Spermatophytina  (spermatophytes, seed plants, phanérogames)
    Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledons)
    Subclass Asteridae
    Super Order Asteranae
    Order Asterales
    Family Asteraceae / Compositae (Aster family)
    Genus Tridax L. (tridax)
    Species Tridax procumbens L. (coatbuttons)
    Synonyms
    • Amellus pedunculatus Ortega
    • Amellus pedunculatus Ortega ex Willd.
    • Balbisia canescens Rich. ex Pers.
    • Balbisia canescens Rich., 1807
    • Balbisia divaricata Cass.
    • Balbisia elongata Willd.
    • Balbisia pedunculata Hoffmanns.
    • Chrysanthemum procumbens (L.) Sessé & Moc.
    • Tridax procumbens subsp. canescens (Rich. ex Pers.) DC.
    • Tridax procumbens subsp. ovatifolia B.L.Rob. ex B.L.Rob. & Greenm.
    • Tridax procumbens subsp. procumbens
    • Tridax procumbens var. canescens (Rich. ex Pers.) DC.
    • Tridax procumbens var. ovatifolia B.L.Rob. & Greenm.
    • Tridax procumbens var. procumbens
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