cis-10-Heptadecenoic acid is a C17:1 monounsaturated fatty acid which is a minor constituent of ruminant fats. It has been inspected for potential antitumor activity and reported to inhibit HL-60 cell proliferation having an IC50 value of 302 µM and prevent LPS-induced tumor necrosis factor production from mouse macrophages. 10Z-Heptadecenoic acid is a monounsaturated fatty acid along with an unsaturated double bond at the 10th carbon. Heptadecanoic acid also known as margaric acid is a saturated fatty acid. The molecular formula of Heptadecenoic acid is CH3(CH2)15COOH. It forms as a trace component of the fat and milkfat of ruminants but does…
Author: Emily
Palmitoyl-CoA is a part of carnitine shuttle system that transports other fatty acyl-CoA molecules into the mitochondria for β-oxidation. It is a long chain fatty acyl-CoA which results from formal condensations of carboxyl group of hexadecanoic acid along thiol group of coenzyme A. It derives from coenzyme A, a hexadecanoate and hexadecanoic acid. It is a conjugate acid of a palmitoyl-CoA(4-). It yields 14 pairs of hydrogen atoms and 8 acetyl-CoA molecules by seven cycles through β-oxidation system. It could be oxidized in TCA cycle for the synthesis of fatty acid and cholesterol and used for formation of ketone bodies…
Pentadecenoic is high purity monounsaturated fatty acid which is optimal as a standard and for biological systems. It has a cis double bond at an even carbon (carbon 10) and thus cannot be enzymatically degraded by the usual beta-oxidation pathway. Rather, a reductase-isomerase or an epimerase pathway must be occupied in the metabolism of this fatty acid. Pentadecenoic acid (cis-10) is not usually found in nature and accordingly a good monounsaturated internal standard.
Cerotic acid also called hexacosanoic acid, is a 26-carbon long-chain saturated fatty acid having chemical formula CH3(CH2)24COOH. It is usually found in carnauba wax and beeswax, and a white crystalline solid. This acid is a long chain fatty acid which is associated with adrenoleukodystrophy disease and involves in excessive saturation of unmetabolized fatty acid chains including cerotic acid in peroxisome.
Lignoceric acid also known as tetracosanoic acid, is a saturated fatty acid with C23H47COOH formula. It is a member of sub group known as very long chain fatty acids from 20 carbon atom onwards. It is present in various cerebrosides, wood tar and in limited amounts in most natural fats. The fatty acids of peanut oil comprises of small amounts of lignoceric acid (1.1% to 2.2%). It is a byproduct of lignin production. In mammals, it is synthesized during development of brain and present in cerebrosides. Food Sources Food name Weight (g) Lignoceric acid (g) Peanuts 146 1.006 Macadamia nuts…
Behenic acid also commonly known as docosanoic acid, is a normal carboxylic acid which is a saturated fatty acid having C21H43COOH. It comprises of white to cream color crystals or powder with boiling point of 306 °C and melting point of 80 °C. It is a valuable constituent of behen oil i.e. from seeds of Ben oil tree. The name is entitled from Persian month Bahman when roots of this tree were harvested. Behenic acid is found in some oils and oil-bearing plants which includes peanut oil or skins and rapeseed (canola) oil. It has been estimated that one ton…
Arachidic acid also called eicosanoic acid, is a saturated fatty acid having 20-carbon chain. It is a minor constituent of cupuaçu butter, perilla oil, peanut oil, corn oil, and cocoa butter. It comprises 7.08% of the fats from fruit of Durio graveolens (durian species). The name is derived from Latin “arachis” which means peanut. It is formed by hydrogenation of arachidonic acid. It is used for the production of photographic materials, detergents and lubricants. Due to its surfactant like properties, this acid is used to manufacture cosmetics, soaps and food packaging. Diets high in saturated fatty acids such as arachidic…
Stearic acid is a fatty acid with 18 carbon chain and IUPAC name as octadecanoic acid, is found in animal derivatives and vegetable fats. This waxy solid has C17H35CO2H chemical formula. The name has been derived from Greek word στέαρ “stéar” which means tallow. Salts and esters of stearic acid are known as stearates. It is used in various cosmetics and personal care products as a surfactant face ingredient and emulsifier. It is used as a base to manufacture other fatty acid ingredients used as emollients, emulsifiers and lubricants. It is used as an ingredient in plastics, candles, oil pastels,…
Margaric acid also called Heptadecanoic acid, is a saturated fatty acid with CH3(CH2)15COOH molecular formula. It is a basic component of fat and milk fat of ruminants. It occurs in natural vegetable and animal fat at high concentrations. It comprises of 2.2% fats from fruit of Durio graveolens (durian species). In 19th and 20th centuries, various reports of acid was found in natural fats in meaningful amounts. Salts and esters of margaric acid are known as heptadecanoates. Food Sources of Margaric acid Food name Weight (g) Margaric acid (g) Beef 113 1.220 Lamb 85 1.158 Veal 113 0.716 Kielbasa 370…
Palmitic acid is a saturated long-chain fatty acid having 16 carbon backbone. In the body, excess carbohydrates are converted to palmitic acid. It is the first fatty acid formed during fatty acid synthesis and is a precursor to longer fatty acids. The chemical formula of palmitic acid is CH3(CH2)14COOH. The name itself indicates it as a major component of oil from fruit of oil palms. It is naturally present in palm kernel oil and palm oil as well as in cheese, butter, meat and milk. This common saturated fatty acids are found in plants, animals and microorganisms. It is regarded…