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    Home»Poultry & Seafoods»Atlantic Croaker facts and nutrition
    Poultry & Seafoods

    Atlantic Croaker facts and nutrition

    By s mJuly 10, 2018Updated:July 10, 2018No Comments4 Mins Read
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    Generally fish Atlantic croaker is rich in mild waters of Atlantic Ocean from Massachusetts to Argentina. It is an important group of fish incorporating parts of Texas croaker, yellowtail and well known, the brilliant. Atlantic croaker has some territorial names such as brocading, hardhead, spot balance, ruler Billie and malcontents. It has got its name from the ability to make low croaking clamor by getting muscles around its air bladder. Still unclear that the croaking is a form of communication within school of fish or a means of depth sounding or mating expression but considered that it make sound often during breeding season.

    Amerikaanse zeeraaf, Atlantic croacker, Atlantic croaker, Corvina, Croaker, Crocus, Hardhead, Roncadina, King Billies, Hard Heads, Grumblers and Silver weakfish are the popular names from which Atlantic Croaker is known by. Scientifically known as Micropogonias undulates, is a marine ray-finned fish species which belongs to Sciaendia family and is closely associated to black drum (Pogonias cromis), the spot croaker (Leiostomus xanthurus), the red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus), the silver perch (Bairdiella chrysoura), the weakfish (Cynoscion regalis) and the spotted seatrout (Cynoscion nebulosus). Atlantic croaker is found commonly in sounds & estuaries from Massachusetts to Gulf of Mexico. Believed to be also live on coasts of Southern Brazil and Argentina.

    Description

    Atlantic croaker is the loudest in the drum family. Also referred as a hardhead as it has smaller ones called pin heads. From August to October during spawning season, turns deep golden color. In the beginning of the August, tiny young comes to the Chesapeake Bay and travel to low salinity or freshwater creeks. It moves to deeper parts of tidal rivers for winter. With the adults, juveniles leave the Bay following autumn. When grown fully upto 2 or 3 years, it reaches between 1 to ½ feet long and 4 to 5 pounds. On average, they are ½ to 2 pounds. It could tolerate wide range of environments and also adapt well to captivity.

    Atlantic Croaker Image Gallery
    Atlantic-Croaker-1 Atlantic-Croaker-1
    Atlantic-Croaker-2 Atlantic-Croaker-2
    Atlantic-Croaker-3 Atlantic-Croaker-3

    Atlantic-Croaker-4 Atlantic-Croaker-3
    Atlantic-Croaker-fillets Atlantic-Croaker-fillets
    Atlantic-Croaker-illustation Atlantic-Croaker-illustation

    Oven-rosted-Atlantic-Croaker Oven-rosted-Atlantic-Croaker
    Pan-seared-Atlantic-Croaker Pan-seared-Atlantic-Croaker
    Skeleton-of-Atlantic-Croaker Skeleton-of-Atlantic-Croaker

    Appearance

    It has a silvery body with a pinkish glow and silvery or brassy white belly. On its back, it has brassy brown spots form faint and irregular stripes. It measures about 18 to 20 inches long but could be upto 24 inches. It has 3 to 5 pairs of small barbels on its chin. The tail fin is slightly pointed and has deep notch in dorsal fin.

    Reproduction and Life cycle

    They reach sexual maturity about one year old along Gulf Coast. Spawning season is in fall with a peak between August and October. In the spawning season, females releases from 1,00,000 and 2 million eggs, each about 0.35 mm in diameter.

    The larvae drift towards land after hatching. On soft bottoms such as mud, they are abundant having large amount of detritus to feed on. They could live upto eight years. Striped bass, spotted seatrout, shark, humans and other croakers are their predators. Due to predation, more than 95% of the population of Atlantic croaker dies every year.

    Feeding Behaviour

    Atlantic Croaker prey upon mollusks, bristle worms, small fish and crustaceans. The larvae consume pteropods, tintinnids, ostracods, pelecypods, naupliar, egg, copepodid and adult stages of copepods.

    Predators

    Weakfish, bluefish and striped bass prey on Atlantic croaker.

    How to Eat         

    • It could be fried, baked, broiled and microwaved.
    • Skinned fillets for pan frying and also poaching.
    • Atlantic croaker could be breaded and dusted with flour or cornmeal and also pan-fried.
    • It could be marinated, sautéed or grilled, broiled and roasted.
    • Meat could be steamed whole.

    Other Facts        

    • Usually Atlantic croakers are known as hardheads and small croakers are known to be pin heads.
    • It is well known as recreational anglers.
    • Croakers belong to the drum family that includes weakfish, sport, black drum, red drum and spotted seatrout.
    • All drums make croaking or loud drumming by vibrating its swim bladders with the use of special muscles.
    • In August 2007, Chesapeake Bay recorded Atlantic croaker which weighed 8 pounds, 11 ounces and measured 27 inches long.

    References:

    https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=169283#null

    https://www.seafoodsource.com/seafood-handbook/finfish/croaker

    https://tpwd.texas.gov/huntwild/wild/species/croaker/

    https://www.chesapeakebay.net/S=0/fieldguide/critter/atlantic_croaker

    http://www.inlandseafood.com/seapedia/atlantic-croaker

    http://www.asmfc.org/species/atlantic-croaker

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    Facts of Atlantic Croaker

    Atlantic Croaker Quick Facts
    Name: Atlantic Croaker
    Scientific Name: Micropogonias undulatus
    Origin Native to coastal waters in the western Atlantic Ocean
    Colors Silvery-pink
    Flesh colors Firm, pink
    Taste Sweet
    Calories 192 Kcal./cup
    Major nutrients Vitamin B-12 (Cobalamine) (76.25%)
    Selenium (61.45%)
    Isoleucine (44.08%)
    Tryptophan (41.14%)
    Lysine (40.88%)
    Name Atlantic Croaker
    Scientific Name Micropogonias undulatus
    Native Native to coastal waters in the western Atlantic Ocean

    The Atlantic croaker is found on the Atlantic coast from Massachusetts southward and throughout the Gulf of Mexico. They prefer estuaries and bays through the spring and summer, then travel offshore in the fall to breed.

    Common/English Name Amerikaanse zeeraaf, Atlantic croacker, Atlantic croaker, Corvina, Croaker, Crocus, Hardhead, Roncadina, King Billies, Hard Heads, Grumblers, Silver weakfish
    Name in Other Languages Danish: Atlantisk trommefisk, Ørnefisk, ÿrnefisk;
    Dutch: Amerikaanse zeeraaf, knorrepos, Ombervis;
    Finnish: Rumpukala;
    French: Tambour brésilien;
    German: Adlerfisch, Atlantischer Umber, Westatlantischer Umberfisch;
    Greek: Kránios;
    Italian: Scienidi;
    Japanese: Guchi, Ishimochi, Nibe;
    Mandarin Chinese: Bōwén róng xū shíshǒuyú (波紋絨鬚石首魚), Bōwén róng xū shí shǒu yú (波纹绒须石首鱼), 线纹绒须;
    Polish: Mikun;
    Portuguese: Corvina, Corvina-branca, Corvina-de-corso, Corvina-de-linha, Corvina-de-lista, Cururuca, Cururuca-lavrada, Rabeta-brasileira;
    Spanish: Corbina, Corvina, corvinon brasileno, Corvinón brasileño, Gurrubata, Roncadina;
    Swedish: Havsgös;
    Turkish: Iskine, Mavrusgil baligi
    Size 1-1/2 feet long
    Body Color Silvery-pink
    Weight 4-5 pounds
    Flesh Firm, pink
    Meat texture Snow white with reddish tint
    Flavor Sweet subtle
    Taste  Sweet
    Primary Product Forms Fresh (most common): Whole, head off, Steaks, Fillets
    Value-added: Breaded portions
    Major Nutritions Vitamin B-12 (Cobalamine) 1.83 µg (76.25%)
    Selenium, Se 33.8 µg (61.45%)
    Isoleucine 0.737 g (44.08%)
    Tryptophan 0.181 g (41.14%)
    Lysine 1.367 g (40.88%)
    Valine 0.824 g (39.02%)
    Threonine 0.686 g (38.98%)
    Histidine 0.457 g (37.09%)
    Leucine 1.288 g (34.85%)
    Protein 15.83 g (31.66%)
    Calories in 1 fillet (87 g) 192 Kcal.

    Atlantic Croaker Scientific Classification

    Scientific Name: Micropogonias undulatus

    Rank Scientific Name & (Common Name)
    Kingdom Animalia  (Animal, animaux, animals)
    Subkingdom Bilateria
    Infrakingdom Deuterostomia
    Phylum Chordata  (Cordés, cordado, chordates)
    Subphylum Vertebrata  (Vertebrado, vertébrés, vertebrates)
    Infraphylum Gnathostomata
    Superclass Actinopterygii  (Ray-finned fishes, spiny rayed fishes, poisson épineux, poissons à nageoires rayonnées)
    Class Teleostei
    Superorder Acanthopterygii
    Order Perciformes  (Perch-like fishes)
    Suborder Percoidei
    Family Sciaenidae  (Croakers, drums, roncadores, corbs, courbines, maigres, ombrines, corvinas y berrugatas, drums and croakers, tambours, coakers)
    Genus Micropogonias Bonaparte, 1831 (Finebarbel croakers)
    Species Micropogonias undulatus (Linnaeus, 1766) (Atlantic croaker, roncadina, gurrubata)
    Synonyms
    • Micropogonias undulatus (Linnaeus, 1766)
    • Bodianus costatus Mitchill, 1815
    • Micropogon lineatus Cuvier, 1830
    • Micropogon undulatus (Linnaeus, 1766)
    • Perca undulata Linnaeus, 1766
    • Sciaena croker Lacepède, 1802
    • Fried
    • Raw
    Nutritional value of Fish, croaker, Atlantic, cooked, breaded and fried
    Serving Size:1 fillet, 87 g

    Calories 192 Kcal. Calories from Fat 99.18 Kcal.

     

    Proximity Amount % DV
    Water 51.99 g N/D
    Energy 192 Kcal N/D
    Energy 805 kJ N/D
    Protein 15.83 g 31.66%
    Total Fat (lipid) 11.02 g 31.49%
    Ash 1.19 g N/D
    Carbohydrate 6.56 g 5.05%
    Total dietary Fiber 0.3 g 0.79%

     
    Minerals Amount % DV
    Calcium, Ca 28 mg 2.80%
    Iron, Fe 0.75 mg 9.38%
    Magnesium, Mg 37 mg 8.81%
    Phosphorus, P 189 mg 27.00%
    Potassium, K 296 mg 6.30%
    Sodium, Na 303 mg 20.20%
    Zinc, Zn 0.45 mg 4.09%
    Copper, Cu 0.057 mg 6.33%
    Manganese, Mn 0.07 mg 3.04%
    Selenium, Se 33.8 µg 61.45%


     
    Vitamins Amount % DV
    Water soluble Vitamins
    Vitamin B1 (Thiamin) 0.078 mg 6.50%
    Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) 0.113 mg 8.69%
    Vitamin B3 (Niacin) 3.741 mg 23.38%
    Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic acid) 0.644 mg 12.88%
    Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine) 0.226 mg 17.38%
    Vitamin B9 (Folate) 30 µg 7.50%
    Folic Acid 14 µg N/D
    Folate, food 16 µg N/D
    Folate, DEF 39 µg N/D
    Vitamin B-12 (Cobalamine) 1.83 µg 76.25%
    Fat soluble Vitamins
    Vitamin A, RAE 20 µg 2.86%
    Vitamin A, IU 65 IU N/D
    Retinol 20 µg N/D

     
    Lipids Amount % DV
    Fatty acids, total saturated 3.024 g N/D
    Myristic acid  14:00(Tetradecanoic acid) 0.077 g N/D
    Palmitic acid 16:00 (Hexadecanoic acid) 1.909 g N/D
    Stearic acid 18:00 (Octadecanoic acid) 1.038 g N/D
    Fatty acids, total monounsaturated 4.628 g N/D
    Palmitoleic acid 16:1 (hexadecenoic acid) 0.386 g N/D
    Oleic acid 18:1 (octadecenoic acid) 4.166 g N/D
    Gadoleic acid 20:1 (eicosenoic acid) 0.069 g N/D
    Fatty acids, total polyunsaturated 2.538 g N/D
    Linoleic acid 18:2 (octadecadienoic acid) 2.067 g N/D
    20:4 undifferentiated 0.077 g N/D
    20:5 n-3 (EPA) 0.098 g N/D
    22:5 n-3 (DPA) 0.069 g N/D
    22:6 n-3 (DHA) 0.077 g N/D
    Cholesterol 73 mg N/D

     
    Amino acids Amount % DV
    Tryptophan 0.181 g 41.14%
    Threonine 0.686 g 38.98%
    Isoleucine 0.737 g 44.08%
    Leucine 1.288 g 34.85%
    Lysine 1.367 g 40.88%
    Methionine 0.457 g N/D
    Cystine 0.189 g N/D
    Phenylalanine 0.646 g N/D
    Tyrosine 0.54 g N/D
    Valine 0.824 g 39.02%
    Arginine 0.923 g N/D
    Histidine 0.457 g 37.09%
    Alanine 0.928 g N/D
    Aspartic acid 1.558 g N/D
    Glutamic acid 2.593 g N/D
    Glycine 0.74 g N/D
    Proline 0.66 g N/D
    Serine 0.686 g N/D

    *Above mentioned Percent Daily Values (%DVs) are based on 2,000 calorie diet intake. Daily values (DVs) may be different depending upon your daily calorie needs. Mentioned values are recommended by a U.S. Department of Agriculture. They are not healthbenefitstimes.com recommendations. Calculations are based on average age of 19 to 50 years and weighs 194 lbs.

     

    Source:
    https://ndb.nal.usda.gov/

    Nutritional value of Fish, croaker, Atlantic, raw
    Serving Size:1 fillet, 79 g

    Calories 82 Kcal. Calories from Fat 22.5 Kcal.

     

    Proximity Amount % DV
    Water 61.64 g N/D
    Energy 82 Kcal N/D
    Energy 344 kJ N/D
    Protein 14.05 g 28.10%
    Total Fat (lipid) 2.5 g 7.14%
    Ash 0.88 g N/D

     
    Minerals Amount % DV
    Calcium, Ca 12 mg 1.20%
    Iron, Fe 0.29 mg 3.63%
    Magnesium, Mg 32 mg 7.62%
    Phosphorus, P 166 mg 23.71%
    Potassium, K 273 mg 5.81%
    Sodium, Na 44 mg 2.93%
    Zinc, Zn 0.33 mg 3.00%
    Copper, Cu 0.033 mg 3.67%
    Manganese, Mn 0.02 mg 0.87%
    Selenium, Se 28.8 µg 52.36%


     
    Vitamins Amount % DV
    Water soluble Vitamins
    Vitamin B1 (Thiamin) 0.059 mg 4.92%
    Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) 0.075 mg 5.77%
    Vitamin B3 (Niacin) 3.318 mg 20.74%
    Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic acid) 0.593 mg 11.86%
    Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine) 0.237 mg 18.23%
    Vitamin B9 (Folate) 12 µg 3.00%
    Folate, food 12 µg N/D
    Folate, DEF 12 µg N/D
    Choline 52.9 mg 9.62%
    Vitamin B-12 (Cobalamine) 1.98 µg 82.50%
    Fat soluble Vitamins
    Vitamin A, RAE 9 µg 1.29%
    Vitamin A, IU 32 IU N/D
    Retinol 9 µg N/D
    Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) 1.02 mg 6.80%
    Vitamin D (D2 + D3) 0.6 µg N/D
    Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) 0.6 µg N/D
    Vitamin D (Cholecalciferol) 21 IU 140.00%
    Vitamin K (phylloquinone) 0.1 µg 0.08%

     
    Lipids Amount % DV
    Fatty acids, total saturated 0.86 g N/D
    Myristic acid  14:00(Tetradecanoic acid) 0.039 g N/D
    Palmitic acid 16:00 (Hexadecanoic acid) 0.66 g N/D
    Stearic acid 18:00 (Octadecanoic acid) 0.16 g N/D
    Fatty acids, total monounsaturated 0.908 g N/D
    Palmitoleic acid 16:1 (hexadecenoic acid) 0.367 g N/D
    Oleic acid 18:1 (octadecenoic acid) 0.468 g N/D
    Gadoleic acid 20:1 (eicosenoic acid) 0.068 g N/D
    Fatty acids, total polyunsaturated 0.367 g N/D
    Linoleic acid 18:2 (octadecadienoic acid) 0.036 g N/D
    Linolenic acid 18:3 (Octadecatrienoic acid) 0.007 g N/D
    18:04 0.009 g N/D
    20:4 undifferentiated 0.073 g N/D
    20:5 n-3 (EPA) 0.097 g N/D
    22:5 n-3 (DPA) 0.068 g N/D
    22:6 n-3 (DHA) 0.077 g N/D
    Cholesterol 48 mg N/D

     
    Amino acids Amount % DV
    Tryptophan 0.157 g 35.68%
    Threonine 0.616 g 35.00%
    Isoleucine 0.647 g 38.70%
    Leucine 1.142 g 30.90%
    Lysine 1.29 g 38.58%
    Methionine 0.416 g N/D
    Cystine 0.151 g N/D
    Phenylalanine 0.548 g N/D
    Tyrosine 0.474 g N/D
    Valine 0.724 g 34.28%
    Arginine 0.841 g N/D
    Histidine 0.413 g 33.52%
    Alanine 0.849 g N/D
    Aspartic acid 1.439 g N/D
    Glutamic acid 2.097 g N/D
    Glycine 0.675 g N/D
    Proline 0.497 g N/D
    Serine 0.573 g N/D

    *Above mentioned Percent Daily Values (%DVs) are based on 2,000 calorie diet intake. Daily values (DVs) may be different depending upon your daily calorie needs. Mentioned values are recommended by a U.S. Department of Agriculture. They are not healthbenefitstimes.com recommendations. Calculations are based on average age of 19 to 50 years and weighs 194 lbs.

     

    Source:
    https://ndb.nal.usda.gov/

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