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    Home»Herbs and Spices»Uses and benefits of Marsh Cudweed – Gnaphalium uliginosum
    Herbs and Spices

    Uses and benefits of Marsh Cudweed – Gnaphalium uliginosum

    By SylviaOctober 20, 2020Updated:October 29, 2020No Comments7 Mins Read
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    Marsh Cudweed Quick Facts
    Name: Marsh Cudweed
    Scientific Name: Gnaphalium uliginosum
    Origin Widespread across much of Europe, Asia, and North America
    Shapes Small achenes, nerveless
    Taste Bitter, pungent
    Health benefits Beneficial for laryngitis, upper respiratory catarrh, tonsillitis, high blood pressure, lung problems, leucorrhea, hemorrhage, sciatica, lumbago, arthritis
    Marsh Cudweed scientifically known as Gnaphalium uliginosum is a woolly annual plant belonging to Asteraceae ⁄ Compositae (Aster family) which also include ragweed, chrysanthemums, marigolds, daisies, and many others. The plant is found chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east across the northern Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains to eastern North America. Some of the popular common names of the plant include cudweed, Low cudweed, Marsh cudweed, Mouse-ear, Mud cudweed, brown cudweed and wayside cudweed. The species name uliginosum comes from the Latin uligo (liquid, moisture), the name means that it grows on moist soil.

    Marsh Cudweed Facts

    Name Marsh Cudweed
    Scientific Name Gnaphalium uliginosum
    Native Widespread across much of Europe, Asia, and North America
    Common Names Cudweed, Low cudweed, Marsh cudweed, Mouse-ear, Mud cudweed, brown cudweed, wayside cudweed
    Name in Other Languages Afrikaans: Cudweed
    Albanian: Cudweed
    Amharic: T’elefe (ጠለፈ)
    Arabic: Tahlab (طحلب)
    Armenian: Kokord (կոկորդ)
    Azerbaijani: Cudweed, Bataqlıq qurucası
    Bashkir: Кипкәр
    Bengali: Cudweed
    Bulgarian: Byal smil (бял смил), blagolyubiv byal smil  (благолюбив бял смил)
    Burmese: Cudweed
    Catalan: Gnafali uliginós
    Chinese: Zhū cǎo (猪草), shī shēng shǔ qū cǎo (湿生鼠麴草)
    Croatian: Cudweed
    Czech: Pudink, protěž bažinná
    Danish: Cudweed, Almindelig Hør, Krans-Lilje, Sump-evighedsblomst, Vild Tulipan, Østrigsk Hør, Sump-evighedsblomst, sumpevigedsblomst
    Dutch: Cudweed, Moerasdroogbloem
    English: Cudweed, Low cudweed, Marsh cudweed, Mouse-ear, Mud cudweed, brown cudweed, wayside cudweed
    Esperanto: Cudweed
    Estonian: Kaisukaru, Soo-kassiurb
    Filipino: Cudweed
    Finnish: Cudweed, Peltopellava, Tiikerililja, Varjolilja, Savijäkkärä
    French: Cudweed, Cotonnière des fanges, Gnaphale des fanges, Gnaphale des marais, Gnaphale des mares, Gnaphale des vases, Cotonnière des marais, Gnaphale uligineuse, filaginelle des marais, gnaphale des lieux humides, gnaphale fangeux, gnaphale uligineux, immortelle des marais
    Georgian: Sidukhch’ire (სიდუხჭირე)
    German: Cudweed, Sumpf-Ruhrkraut, Sumpfruhrkraut
    Greek: Ankaliá (αγκαλιά)
    Gujarati: Cudweed
    Hausa: Cudanya
    Hebrew: חרס
    Hindi: Cudweed
    Hungarian: Gyopár, Iszapgyopár
    Icelandic: Hvítlaukur, Grámygla
    Indonesian: Cudweed
    Irish: Cudweed, Gnamhlus corraigh
    Italian: Cudweed, Canapicchia palustre, gnafalio acquatico
    Japanese: Kaddou~īdo (カッドウィード), himechichikogusa (ヒメチチコグサ), ezonohahakogusa (エゾノハハコグサ)
    Javanese: Cudweed
    Kannada: Kaḍvīḍ (ಕಡ್ವೀಡ್)
    Kazakh: Qıdır (қыдыр)
    Korean: Daegu (대구), wae tteok ssuk (왜떡쑥)
    Kurdish: Cudweed
    Lao: Cudweed
    Latin: Cudweed
    Latvian: Cudweed,  dumbrāja zaķpēdiņa
    Lithuanian: Pelėda, Pelkinis pūkelis
    Macedonian: Bradavica (брадавица)
    Malagasy: Cudweed
    Malay: Merangkak
    Malayalam: Cudweed
    Maltese: Cudweed
    Marathi: Cudweed
    Mongolian: Cudweed
    Nepali: Cudweed
    Northern Sami: Mohterádná
    Norwegian: Cudweed, Krøll-lilje, Lin, Villtulipan, Åkergråurt
    Oriya: କଦଳୀ
    Pashto: Cudweed
    Persian: نوازش
    Polish: Cudweed, Szarota błotna
    Portuguese: Cudweed, gnafa-cinzenta, gnafa-cinzenta
    Punjabi: Cudweed
    Romanian: Cudweed
    Russian: Sushenitsa (сушеница), Sushenitsa topyanaya (Сушеница топяная)
    Serbian: Cudveed (цудвеед), mrki srcopuc (мрки срцопуц)
    Sindhi: جذباتي ڪيو
    Sinhala: Cudweed
    Slovak: Bielolístok barinný
    Slovenian: Cudweed, močevna molova roža
    Spanish: Cudweed, močevna molova roža, gnaphalium de pantano, siempreviva de cumbres, siemprevivas de las cumbres, yerba de alcaudones, yerba de gorriones
    Sudanese: Cudweed
    Swedish: Cudweed, Klipplin, Krollilja, Lin, Tigerlilja, Vildtulpan, Savijäkkärä, Sumpnoppa
    Tajik: Cudweed
    Tamil: Cudweed
    Telugu: Cudweed
    Thai: Cudweed
    Turkish: Cudweed, bozağan
    Ukrainian: Sushenitsya (сушениця), Sukhotsvit bahnovyy (Сухоцвіт багновий)
    Urdu: Cudweed
    Uzbek: Yostiq
    Vietnamese: Cây tầm ma
    Welsh: Cudweed, Edafeddog y gors
    Zulu: Cudweed
    Plant Growth Habit Woolly annual
    Growing Climates Damp places in sandy fields, heaths, waysides, lake, pond margins, ephemeral pools, damp, arable grasslands, paths, shores, puddles, ditches, small roads, yards, wasteland, meadows, pastures
    Plant Size 3-15 cm. tall
    Stem Straight or slightly receding, unbranched or usually branched
    Leaf Leaves are up to 2 inches long, up to 1/8 inch wide, toothless, covered in white woolly hair, often a bit wavy around the edges, pointed at the tip with no leaf stalk
    Flowering season July to August
    Flower Very small about 3 to 4 mm long  and crowded in small clusters of 3 to 10, near the ends of the branches and in axils of leaves, whitish to light brownish-green to straw-colored
    Fruit Shape & Size Elliptic, glabrous, brown, achene less than 1 mm (0.04 in.) long, tip with unbranched hairs.
    Fruit Color Brown
    Taste Bitter, pungent
    Plant Parts Used Bitter, pungent
    Other Facts
    • Yellow and green dyes are obtained from the whole plant.
    Precautions
    • It may cause an allergic reaction.
    • Cudweed may cause an allergic reaction in people who are allergic to the Asteraceae or Compositae plant family.

    Plant Description

    Marsh Cudweed is a woolly annual plant normally growing about 5-20 cm. tall with short roots (5-18 cm). It is covered with tufted white tomentum, especially above, at anthodia. Stalk more or less branchy from the base. The plant is found growing in damp places in sandy fields, heaths, waysides, lake, pond margins, ephemeral pools, damp, arable grasslands, paths, shores, puddles, ditches, small roads, yards, wasteland, meadows, pastures, depressions in cultivated fields, streams, valleys, roadside ditches and grain fields.  

    Leaves

    Leaves are alternate (1 per node) but numerous and appearing tufted near the tips of branches. Leaves are up to 2 inches long, up to 1/8 inch wide, toothless, covered in white woolly hair, often a bit wavy around the edges, pointed at the tip with no leaf stalk. Stems typically spread out from the base, making it wider than tall, and are also densely covered in woolly hairs, giving them a whitish cast.

    Marsh Cudweed Image Gallery
    Closer-view-of-flower-of-Marsh-Cudweed Closer-view-of-flower-of-Marsh-Cudweed
    Flowers-of-Marsh-Cudweed Flowers-of-Marsh-Cudweed
    Leaves-of-Marsh-Cudweed Leaves-of-Marsh-Cudweed
    Marsh-Cudweed-Plant Marsh-Cudweed-Plant
    Marsh-Cudweed-Plant-growing-wild Marsh-Cudweed-Plant-growing-wild
    Plant-Illustration-of-Marsh-Cudweed Plant-Illustration-of-Marsh-Cudweed
    Sketch-of-Marsh-Cudweed Sketch-of-Marsh-Cudweed
    Small-Marsh-Cudweed-plant Small-Marsh-Cudweed-plant
    Stem-of-Marsh-Cudweed Stem-of-Marsh-Cudweed

    Flowers

    Flower heads very small about 3 to 4 mm long  and crowded in small clusters of 3 to 10, near the ends of the branches and in axils of leaves, whitish to light brownish-green to straw-colored and look like buds or flowers that have already died back and turned brown, without ray florets; involucral bracts tiny, thin, papery, tan or light brownish. Flowering normally takes place in between July to August.

    Fruit

    Fertile flowers are followed by small achenes, nerveless. One plant produces 100 to 500 hemicarps; weight of 1000 seeds is 0.007 g.

    Traditional uses and benefits of Marsh Cudweed

    • Marsh cudweed is little used in modern herbalism, though it is occasionally taken for its astringent, antiseptic and anti-catarrhal properties.
    • Whole plant is anti-inflammatory, astringent, diaphoretic and diuretic.
    • It may also have aphrodisiac and anti-depressant effects.
    • It is used both internally and externally in the treatment of laryngitis, upper respiratory catarrh and tonsillitis, whilst in Russia it is used in the treatment of high blood pressure.
    • The plant is harvested when it is in flower and is dried for later use.
    • It’s good for constipations and hemorrhoids in the form of therapeutic enema.
    • Cudweed decoction is taken internally for thrombophlebitis.
    • It is used topically for wounds, ulcers and burns.
    • Gargle and mouthwash of cudweed is said to soothe throat irritations.
    • In British herbal medicine, it is occasionally taken for tonsillitis, sore throat, and hoarseness, and for mucus in the throat, nasal passages, and sinuses.
    • An infusion is useful for lung problems, leucorrhea and intestinal problems including hemorrhage.
    • Cold infusion helps expel intestinal worms.
    • Homeopathic tincture is used for sciatica, lumbago and some kinds of arthritis.
    • Fresh juice is used to calm excessive sexual desire.
    • It makes a good fomentation for bruises, wounds and ulcers.
    • Dried flowers are used like hops for a calming herb pillow. As a mouthwash and gargle, the infusion is good for sores in mouth and throat.
    • It is widely used in the treatment of hypertension, thrombophlebitis, phlebothrombosis and ulcers.
    • Decoction and infusion of G. uliginosum are known to possess anti-inflammatory, astringent, and antiseptic properties.
    • Oil extracts are used in the treatment of laryngitis, upper respiratory catarrh and tonsillitis.

    References:

    https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=502816#null

    https://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Gnaphalium+uliginosum

    http://www.floracatalana.net/gnaphalium-uliginosum-l-

    https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=GNUL

    https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=104248

    http://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection/taxon.php?Taxon=Gnaphalium%20uliginosum

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gnaphalium_uliginosum

    https://gringlobal.irri.org/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?id=104248

    http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/gcc-32241

    http://temperate.theferns.info/plant/Gnaphalium+uliginosum

    https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/GNAUL

    http://medicinalherbinfo.org/000Herbs2016/1herbs/everlasting/

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    Marsh Cudweed Scientific Classification

    Scientific Name: Gnaphalium uliginosum

    Rank Scientific Name & (Common Name)
    Kingdom Plantae (Plants)
    Subkingdom Tracheobionta (Vascular plants)
    Infrakingdom Streptophyta  (land plants)
    Super Division Spermatophyta (Seed plants)
    Division Magnoliophyta (Flowering plants)
    Sub Division Spermatophytina  (spermatophytes, seed plants, phanérogames)
    Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledons)
    Sub Class Asteridae
    Super Order Asteranae
    Order Asterales
    Family Asteraceae ⁄ Compositae (Aster family)
    Genus Gnaphalium L. (cudweed)
    Species Gnaphalium uliginosum L. (marsh cudweed)
    Synonyms
    • asyanthus uliginosus (L.) Bub.
    • Filaginella baicalensis (Kirp.) Czer.
    • Filaginella kasachstanica (Kirp.) N.N.Tzvel.
    • Filaginella lasiocarpa (Ledeb.) Opiz
    • Filaginella malzii Opiz
    • Filaginella mandshurica (Kirp.) Czer.
    • Filaginella nuda (Hoffm. ex J.F.Gmel.) Opiz
    • Filaginella tranzschelii (Kirp.) J.Holub
    • Filaginella ulginosa (L.) Opiz
    • Filaginella uliginosa (L.) Opiz
    • Filaginella uliginosa subsp. kasachstanica (Kirp.) J.Holub
    • Filaginella uliginosa subsp. uliginosa
    • Gnaphalium aquaticum Mill.
    • Gnaphalium baicalense Kirp. & Kuprian. ex Kirpicz.
    • Gnaphalium castaneum Gilib.
    • Gnaphalium humifusum Paill.
    • Gnaphalium humifusum Paill. ex Nym.
    • Gnaphalium kasachstanicum Kirp. & Kuprian. ex Kirpicz.
    • Gnaphalium laevissimum Schur
    • Gnaphalium mandshuricum Kirp. & Kuprian. ex Kirpicz.
    • Gnaphalium nudum Hoffm.
    • Gnaphalium nudum Hoffm. ex J.F.Gmel.
    • Gnaphalium prostratum Huet
    • Gnaphalium prostratum Huet ex Nym.
    • Gnaphalium ramosum Lam.
    • Gnaphalium ruricolum H.S.Pak
    • Gnaphalium tomentosum Hoffm.
    • Gnaphalium tomentosum Hoffm. ex J.F.Gmel.
    • Gnaphalium tranzschelii Kirp.
    • Gnaphalium uliginosum f. condensatum Domin, 1932
    • Gnaphalium uliginosum f. uliginosum
    • Gnaphalium uliginosum subsp. nudum (Hoffm.) Nym.
    • Gnaphalium uliginosum subsp. uliginosum L.
    • Gnaphalium uliginosum var. lasiocarpum Ledeb.
    • Gnaphalium uliginosum var. lasiocarpum Schur, 1866
    • Gnaphalium uliginosum var. leiocarpum Ledeb.
    • Gnaphalium uliginosum var. muricatum Cariot, 1884
    • Gnaphalium uliginosum var. nudum (Hoffm.) Lej., 1813
    • Gnaphalium uliginosum var. tomentosum Beck, 1893
    • Gnaphalium uliginosum var. uliginosum
    • Gnaphalium uliginosum var. vaillantii Leredde
    • Gnaphalium wirtgenii Nym.
    • Helichrysum uliginosum (L.) Moench
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