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    Home»Fruits»Know about Peanut Butter Fruit
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    Know about Peanut Butter Fruit

    By SylviaJuly 30, 2018Updated:July 30, 2018No Comments4 Mins Read
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    Know about Peanut Butter Fruit

    Peanut Butter fruit, botanically known as Bunchosia argentea or Bunchosia armeniaca, is a tropical fruit tree which is a member of the Malpighiaceae family. The plant is native to the northwestern South America (Colombia, Ecuador, Bolivia, Venezuela, Brazil and Peru). Also known as Bunchosia fruit tree, it is the plant that is grown as an ornamental for its vibrant yellow blooms and red fruit which it produces simultaneously. Some of the popular common names of the plants are Bunchosia, Green Plum, Monk’s Plum, Peanut Butter Fruit and Peanut Butter Tree.  The name Bunchosia is said to come from an Arabic word, bunchos, meaning coffee, for the resemblance of the seed-containing pyrenes of the fruit to the mericarps of Coffea Arabica. The name of the species refers to the shape and color of the fruits, similar to those of the apricots. The tree is also grown for its edible fruit however it has never experienced commercial success due to the delicate and perishable nature of the fruit. Some people have linked the fruit to a cooked sweet potato, whilst it is also called the peanut butter fruit because of its texture, but not its taste, that is similar to peanut butter.

    Plant Description

    Peanut butter fruit is a small, highly ornamental and hardy tropical, evergreen perennial tree or shrub that grows about 2–4 m (6–13 ft.) tall. The plant is found growing in dry and moist limestone forests near the coast, dry rocky open lowland and normally prefers moist, fertile loamy soil rich in organic matter. Remember try to stay away from wet, mucky soils. Stems are persistently sericeous, the older woody stems are glabrate. The tree has stiff, spreading branches. Short petiolate leaves are simple, opposite, lanceolate to ovate, chartaceous, 10-27 cm long and 5-10 cm wide, rounded to wedge-shaped, marginally striped, spiky, sparsely scaly on both sides, later glabrous, 6-7 lateral veins.

    Flower & Fruit

    Compact axillary racemose inflorescences, 8-15 cm long, carrying numerous yellow hermaphrodite flowers, on a 0.5-1 cm long pedicel provided with glandular tubercles, about 1.5 cm in diameter, with penta partid calyx, 5 unguillated petals (Petals with a long narrow base similar to a stem), 5-6 mm long, with an oval laminate and fringed-serrated margin, and 10 Monadelfian stamens (stamens with fused filaments and free anthers). Fruits are borne in clusters. They are an indehiscent, 2.5 cm long, ovoid, ellipsoid to obovate berry with thin pale green skin turning to orange then red at maturity. The internal pulp of the Peanut Butter fruit is very thick and slightly sticky similar to that of soft persimmon and surrounds a large central seed. The fruit offers an aroma reminiscent of peanut butter and a sweet flavor which has been compared to that of sweet potato and dried fig. Once ripe, Peanut Butter fruits must be harvested immediately to prevent them from spoiling on the tree. Due to the delicate nature of the fruit, they are not suitable for shipping. The fruit is mostly eaten fresh, also used for jellies, jams, or preserves. The peanut butter plant will go through several blooming cycles from March until October; the fruiting season is summer to fall.

    History

    The tree is native to Northern and Western South America: Venezuela and Columbia. Naturalized In Southern America: Caribbean (Grenada, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Montserrat, Puerto Rico), Northern and Western South America: Guayana, Suriname, Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru and Brazil. It also has been introduced to elsewhere in the tropics. The tree requires a tropical climate with or without a dry season. It is rarely cultivated outside its natural range except in botanical gardens or as a curiosity.

    Peanut Butter Fruit Image Gallery
    Flower-of-Peanut-Butter-Fruit Flower-of-Peanut-Butter-Fruit
    Half-cut-Peanut-Butter-Fruit Half-cut-Peanut-Butter-Fruit
    Image-showing-flowers-fruits-and-leaves-of-Peanut-butter-fruit-plant Image-showing-flowers-fruits-and-leaves-of-Peanut-butter-fruit-plant

    image-showing-pulp-and-seeds-of-Peanut-Butter-Fruit image-showing-pulp-and-seeds-of-Peanut-Butter-Fruit
    Leaves-of-Peanut-Butter-Fruit Leaves-of-Peanut-Butter-Fruit
    Peanut-Butter-Fruit-Bark Peanut-Butter-Fruit-Bark

    Peanut-Butter-Fruit-on-the-plant Peanut-Butter-Fruit-on-the-plant
    Peanut-Butter-Fruit-Plant-Illustration Peanut-Butter-Fruit-Plant-Illustration
    Peanut-butter-fruit-tree Peanut-butter-fruit-tree

    Ripe-Peanut-Butter-Fruit Ripe-Peanut-Butter-Fruit
    Small-Peanut-Butter-Fruit-plant Small-Peanut-Butter-Fruit-plant
    Unripe-fruit-of-Peanut-Butter-Fruit Unripe-fruit-of-Peanut-Butter-Fruit

    Traditional uses and benefits of Peanut butter Fruit

    • Eating peanut butter mainly help in reducing the problems of heart as it reduces the cholesterol levels which is the main reason behind which heart ailments.
    • Not only it solves heart problems but also makes our nerves function effectively.

    Culinary uses

    • Ripe fruit is mostly eaten fresh.
    • It is also used for jellies, jams, muffins, or preserves and to flavor drinks and milk shakes.
    • The fruit can be refrigerated and the pulp can be frozen.

    References:

    https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?id=8140

    http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2685927

    http://www.growables.org/information/TropicalFruit/peanutbuttertree.htm

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bunchosia_armeniaca

    http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Bunchosia+argentea

    https://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/102568/#b

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    Peanut Butter Fruit facts

    Peanut Butter Fruit Quick Facts
    Name: Peanut Butter Fruit
    Scientific Name: Bunchosia argentea
    Origin Northwestern South America (Colombia, Ecuador, Bolivia, Venezuela, Brazil and Perú)
    Colors Pale green turning to orange and then red at maturity
    Shapes Indehiscent, 2.5 cm long, ovoid, ellipsoid to obovate berry
    Flesh colors Orangey-red or red-colored
    Taste Sweet, but often astringent
    Name Peanut Butter Fruit
    Scientific Name Bunchosia argentea
    Native Northwestern South America (Colombia, Ecuador, Bolivia, Venezuela, Brazil and Perú)
    Common Names Bunchosia, Green Plum, Monk’s Plum, Peanut Butter Fruit, Peanut Butter Tree
    Name in Other Languages Brazil : Ameixa-Do-Peru, Ameixa –Do-Para, Caferana, Cafezinho, Caramel, Ciruela
    Columbia : Chico Mamey, Ciruela, Ciruela De Fraile, Ciruela Verde;
    English:  Monk’s Plum,  Peanut Butter Fruit, Peanut Butter Tree
    French: cafe bois, cafe moka, Bunchoise Des Andes, Bunchosie abricot
    Japanese:  Pīnattsu batā furūtsu (ピーナッツ ・ バター ・ フルーツ),  Toro bukaru furuutsu (トロピカルフルーツ), Ameishia, arumeniaka, Bunkoshia, Piinattsu bataa furuutsu, Bunchosia,
    Bunchoshia arumeniaka, Bunkoshia, Piinattsu, bataa furuutsu
    Lithuanian: Abrikosinė andenė
    Peru: Cansaboca, Huánuco
    Portuguese: Ameixa-Do-Peru, Ameixa–Do-Para, Caferana, Cafezinho, Caramel, Falso guaraná, Fruta-manteiga-deamendoim,
    Guaraná-rana, Manteiga-deamendoim, Tártago
    Quechuan : Usan
    Russian:  Bunkhoziia serebristaia (Бунхозия серебристая), Bunkhoziia abrikosovaia
    Spanish:  Ciriguela, Ciruela, cafe falso, chico mamey, ciruela de fraile, ciruela verde, mamey de terra fria, Ciruela de monte, Ciruela silvestre
    Plant Growth Habit Small, highly ornamental and hardy tropical, evergreen perennial tree or shrub
    Growing Climates Dry and moist limestone forests near the coast, dry rocky open lowland
    Soil Moist, fertile loamy soil rich in organic matter. Remember try to stay away from wet, mucky soils
    Plant Size 2–4 m (6–13 ft. ) tall
    Branches Stiff, spreading branches
    Stem Persistently sericeous, the older woody stems glabrate
    Leaf Short petiolate leaves are simple, opposite, lanceolate to ovate, chartaceous, 10-27 cm long and 5-10 cm wide, rounded to wedge-shaped, marginally striped, spiky, sparsely scaly on both sides, later glabrous, 6-7 lateral veins
    Flower Compact axillary racemose inflorescences, 8-15 cm long, carrying numerous yellow hermaphrodite flowers, on a 0.5-1 cm long pedicel provided with glandular tubercles, about 1.5 cm in diameter, with pentapartid calyx, 5 unguillated petals
    Fruit Shape & Size Indehiscent, 2.5 cm long, ovoid, ellipsoid to obovate berry
    Fruit Color Pale green turning orange, and red at maturity
    Flesh Orangey-red or red-colored pulp that are thick and sticky in nature with a flavor which is similar to peanut butter and also figs which are free from moisture content
    Taste Sweet, but often astringent
    Propagation By seeds
    Other Facts
    • The tree is mainly cultivated as a fruit tree and as an ornamental tree in gardens.

    Peanut Butter Fruit Scientific Classification

    Scientific Name: Bunchosia argentea

    Rank Scientific Name & (Common Name)
    Kingdom Plantae (Plants)
    Subkingdom Tracheobionta (Vascular plants)
    Infrakingdom Streptophyta  (land plants)
    Class Magnoliopsida
    Order Malpighiales
    Family Malpighiaceae
    Genus Bunchosia
    Species Bunchosia argentea
    Synonyms
    • Malpighia argentea Jacq.             
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