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    Home»Fruits»Know about the Sugar Palm
    Fruits

    Know about the Sugar Palm

    By s mNovember 5, 2019Updated:January 7, 2020No Comments6 Mins Read
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    Sugar palm is a tall, unbranched and solitary palm which grows to the height of 12 to 20 meters having a stout trunk of 30 to 60 cm diameter. Trunk has distinct bases of broken leaves and long black fibres top by dense crown of leaves. Leaves are pinnate, ascending, 6-10 meters long and the basal part of the petiole is covered with sheath of stout and black fibers. Leaflets are 160 on each side, linear and about 1.5 to 1.8 meters long. Tip is lobed and variously toothed and base is 2-auricled and the lower surface is white or pale. An inflorescence is unisexual, axillary and pendulous having stout  and peduncle bearing female flowering spikes at the top and male flowering spikes lower down the peduncle and appearing later. Flowers are trimerous having 3-lobed tubular corolla. Fruits are rounded or ellipsoid drupe measuring 5 to 7 cm in diameter and is green when immature that turns yellow and then gradually black containing two to three black seeds.

    Leaves

    Leaves are ascending, pinnate and about 8.5 meters long. Leaflets are dark green above and whitish beneath which offers dirty greenish appearance to trees. Leaf sheaths cover stem and the margins are fibrous with black hairs. Young leaf sheaths are covered on lower surfaces having abundance of soft and moss like white hairs.

    Fruits

    The matured fruits are yellow; about 5 cm in diameter containing 2-3 seeds each.

    Sugar Palm Image Gallery
    Sugar-palm-plantation Sugar-palm-plantation
    Sugar-palm-fruits Sugar-palm-fruits
    Sugar-palm-half-cut Sugar-palm-half-cut
    Sugar-palm-illustration Sugar-palm-illustration
    Sugar-palm-plant Sugar-palm-plant
    Sugar-palm-tree Sugar-palm-tree

    Health Benefits of Sugar palm

    1. Healthy diet

    As our diet determines our health as well. This fruit has 93% of water content and also gelatin which provides the sense of fullness after its consumption. It helps to control our appetite.

    1. Treatment for arthritis

    Arthritis can disturb our activities. An intake of this fruit 100 grams per day could gradually heal arthritis.

    1. Digestive health

    Palmfruit has high content of fiber which makes it effective for treating constipation. Consume 5 to 10 grains of palmfruit per day. This helps to avoid constipation and also other digestive disorders.

    1. Relieve Itchiness

    The sap obtained from the tree is helpful in providing relief from itch. Use the sap to provide relief from itchiness.

    1. Prevention of Osteoporosis

    As the person ages, osteoporosis occurs. This condition affects not only old people but also young these days which occurs due to the amount of activity and lack of intake of milk and foods containing calcium. Palmfruit has 91 milligrams of calcium so the intake of this fruit fulfills calcium requirement and prevents the chances of osteoporosis.

    Traditional uses

    • The young roots of Arenga pinnata have been reported to be used in a medicine for treating kidney stones and old roots for toothache in Malaysia.
    • In Southeast Asia, consumption of arenga sugar is used as a traditional and homeopathic remedy, believed to revitalize the body.
    • In the Philippines, the stems and petioles are reported to be diuretic and antithermic.
    • The petiole fibers are styptic, used as a hemostatic and cicatrizing for applying to wounds.
    • Stems act as diuretic.
    • Root decoction is beneficial to lungs and supports digestion and promotes appetite.
    • Root decoction is helpful for bladder problems.
    • It is helpful for colds and sinus problems, cold sores and sore throat.
    • Roots are considered to be stomachic and pectoral in Cambodia.
    • Petioles are used in chronic paludism having spleen enlargement.
    • Roots are used to make tea decoction to relieve bladder problems.

    Culinary uses

    • The sugary sap from the cut inflorescence makes a fresh drink called saguir, nira or lahang.
    • The juice can be boiled down to make arenga syrup or allow setting in molds to form arenga sugar, called gur in India.
    • Arenga syrup or sugar is used in all kind of dishes, sweets, beverages and preserves.
    • It acts as the perfect sweetener and flavor stimulant for cakes, pastries, pancakes, toast, sandwiches, cereals, beverages, fruit juices, dessert toppings and many other uses.
    • The young crown top or terminal bud called ‘palm cabbage’ is also eaten as a salad or cooked.
    • The endospermum of immature seeds are also eaten as vegetable or dessert.
    • Immature seeds are much eaten by the Filipinos, being usually boiled with sugar to form a kind of sweetmeat.
    • The endosperms of immature seeds are widely consumed in the Philippines and are made into canned fruits after boiling them in sugar syrup.
    • In Indonesian, the white endosperms of immature seeds are extracted and undergo 10–20 days of water immersion and then boiled with sugar to yield buah atap or kolang-kaling which is used as a sweetmeat popularly used in es campur (shave ice delicacy) or in kolak, local refreshment.
    • Sago a starch is also made from the tender pith of trunk of old palms.
    • In Indonesia, arenga sago is used as an ingredient of bakso (noodles), cakes and other dishes.
    • In Java, syrup called chendol is made from it.
    • In India, the Manipuris has been reported to eat the very young, tender white leaves as a pickle.

    Other Facts

    • This crop has potential to be developed into a major resource of bio fuel (bioethanol).
    • Boiled starch extracted as sago from the palm is used as hogs feed.
    • The flowers are a good source of nectar for honey production.
    • A toy beetle has been made from the seed.
    • The leaves are used for thatching houses.
    • Leaves are used for rough brooms and woven into coarse baskets.
    • The youngest leaves are sometimes used as cigarette paper.
    • Old woody leaf bases as well as the long leaves can be used for fuel.
    • The petioles when split are used for basketry and a form of marquetry work on tables, stands, screen, boxes and other light pieces for furniture.
    • Leaf petioles and the wood of the stem are also made into walking sticks and the Pagan tribes in Peninsular Malaysia used the wood for the butts of blow-pipes.
    • The very hard outer part of the trunk is used for barrels, flooring and furniture, posts for pepper vines, boards, tool handles and musical instruments like drums are all made from the wood of the trunk.
    • The pith of the leaf rachis is an ideal shape for use as a drinking cup.
    • Fibers especially from that surrounding the trunk are used for ship cordage as they are durable in water.
    • The black horsehair-like fibers of the leaf bases serve the production of rigging and brushes as well as for covers of underwater telegraph cables and for caulking of boats as the fibers can stand long exposure to either fresh or salt water and is also fire resistant.
    • The same fibers are used for stuffing mattresses, for thatching materials, as sieves, brooms and brushes and other minor products.
    • The hairs found on the base of the leaf sheaths are very good tinder for igniting fire.
    • Fibers are also obtained from the trunk pith, leave sheaths and roots.
    • Fibers are also used for making hats in Indo China.
    • Roots are used for matting and the root fibers have been used for making capes in Sulawesi.

    References:

    https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=506704#null

    https://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Arenga+pinnata

    http://old.worldagroforestry.org/treedb/AFTPDFS/Arenga_pinnata.PDF

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arenga_pinnata

    https://www.palmpedia.net/wiki/Arenga_pinnata

    http://www.stuartxchange.com/Kaong.html

    https://globalfoodbook.com/amazing-benefits-of-the-palm-sugar-tree

    http://healthyfruitsnvegetables.blogspot.com/2012/11/sugar-palm-fruit-and-its-health-benefits.html

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    Sugar Palm Quick Facts
    Name: Sugar Palm
    Scientific Name: Arenga pinnata
    Origin Tropical south Asia to South-east Asia
    Colors Green to yellow to black
    Shapes Rounded or ellipsoid drupe, about 5–7 cm in diameter
    Name Sugar Palm
    Scientific Name Arenga pinnata
    Native Tropical south Asia to South-east Asia – from India, Bangladesh to Malaysia, Indonesia and Philippines to the east. Widely cultivated in the tropics and the Pacific.
    Common/English Name Areng Palm, Black-Fiber Palm, Arenga Palm, Black Sugar Palm, Gomuti Palm, Sugar Palm, Sagwire-Palme, Toddy Palm, Kaong palm
    Name in Other Languages Arabic: Nakhlet Es Sukkar;
    Burmese: Taung, Taung-Ong;
    Chinese: Guang Lang, Suo Mu, Sha Tang Ye Zi, Tang Shu;
    Chamorro: cabo-negro;
    Cambodia: chuëk’, chraè
    Dutch: Arengpalm, Gomoetoepalm, Arenpalm, Sagoeweerpalm,English: Malay sago palm, Areng palm, Black-fiber palm, Gomuti palm, Sugar palm;
    French: Palmier À Sucre, Palmier Areng, Palmier Aren, Palmier Condiar;
    German: Gomuti-Palme, Molukken-Zuckerpalme, Sagwire-Palme, Zuckerpalme, Echte Zuckerpalme;
    India: Alam Panai (Tamil), Thangtung, Thanglung (Mizoram);
    Indonesia: Inau, Anau, Nau, Enau, Hanau, Peluluk, Kabung, Biluluk, Kabung Enau, Ijuk, Juk, Bergat, Mergat (Sumatra), Aren, Lirang;
    Italian: Palma Da Zucchero;
    Japanese: Satou Yashi;
    Khmer: Chuek, Chrae;
    Malaysia: Berkat, Bakeh (Semang), Enau, Henau, Habong, Inau, Kabong, Nau; Nanggung (Java), Kawung, Taren (Sundanese), Akol, Akere, Akel, Inru, Indu (Sulawesi), Moka, Tuwa, Moke, Tuwak (Nusa Tenggara), Gomuti, Ejow, Kaong;
    Philippines: Hidiók (Bikol), Bagátbat, Bat-Bát, Bagóbat,  Iliók, Idióg, Onay, Idiók, Unau (Cebu Bisaya), Hiliók (Manabo), Rapitan (Iloko), Hidiók, Igók (Panay Bisaya), Kábo-Négro, Káong, Káuing (Tagalog), Irók (Sambali);
    Portuguese: Gomuteira;
    Russian: Sakharnia Pal’ma;
    Spanish: Barú, Palma De Azúcar, Bary, Palmera Del Azúcar;
    Thai: Aren, Kaong Tao, Chok, Luk Chid;
    Vietnamese: Bung Bang, Doac Dot
    Plant Growth Habit Solitary, unarmed, pleonanthic, monoecious feather palm
    Soil Well-drained
    Plant Size 12 to 20 m high
    Leaf 6-12 m long, 1.5 m broad, yellow and showy
    Fruit shape & size Rounded or ellipsoid drupe, about 5–7 cm in diameter
    Fruit color Green to yellow to black
    Flavor/aroma Mild, semi-tart
    Seed Black

    Sugar Palm Scientific Classification

    Scientific Name: Arenga pinnata

    Rank Scientific Name & (Common Name)
    Kingdom Plantae (Plants)
    Subkingdom Viridiplantae  (Green plants)
    Infrakingdom Streptophyta  (Land plants)
    Superdivision Embryophyta
    Division Tracheophyta  (Vascular plants, tracheophytes)
    Class Magnoliopsida
    Order Arecales
    Family Arecaceae
    Genus Arenga Labill. (Arenga palm)
    Species Arenga pinnata (Wurmb) Merr. (Sugar palm)
    Synonyms
    • Arenga gamuto Merr.
    • Arenga saccarifera Labill.
    • Borassus gomutus Lour.
    • Caryota onusta Blanco
    • Gomutus saccharifer Spr.
    • Sagus gomutus Perr.
    • Saguerus australasicus Drude & Wendl.
    • Saguerus pinnatus Wurmb
    • Saguerus pinnatus saccharifer Wurmb.
    • Saguerus rumphii Roxb.
    • Saguerus saccharifer Blume.
    • Arenga gamuto Merr.
    • Arenga griffithii Seem.
    • Arenga griffithii Seem. Ex H.Wendl.
    • Arenga saccharifera Labill. Ex DC.
    • Arenga saccharifera Labill., 1801
    • Borassus gomutus Lour.
    • Caryota onusta Blanco
    • Gomutus rumphii Corrêa
    • Gomutus saccharifer (Labill. Ex DC.) Spreng.
    • Gomutus vulgaris Oken
    • Saguerus gamuto Houtt.
    • Saguerus gamuto infrasubsp. Publ
    • Saguerus pinnatus Wurmb
    • Saguerus rumphii (Correa) Roxb.
    • Saguerus rumphii (Corrêa) Roxb. Ex Ainslie
    • Saguerus rumphii (Corrêa) Roxb. Ex Fleming
    • Saguerus saccharifer (Labill. Ex DC.) Blume
    • Sagus gomutus (Lour.) Perr.
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